钨极间距对双钨极TIG焊电弧特性的影响研究  

Study on influence of tungsten electrode spacing on arc characteristics of twin-tungsten electrode TIG welding

作　　者：郭朝博 崔露露 陶凯 李兴霞 马天凤 吴喆 GUO Chaobo;CUI Lulu;TAO Kai;LI Xingxia;MA Tianfeng;WU Zhe(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan Institute of Technology,Xinxiang 453003,China;Henan Engineering Research Center for Modification Technology of Metal Materials,Henan Institute of Technology,Xinxiang 453003,China;Library of Henan Institute of Technology,Xinxiang 453003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工学院材料科学与工程学院,河南新乡453003 [2]河南工学院河南省金属材料改性技术工程技术研究中心,河南新乡453003 [3]河南工学院图书馆,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《兵器材料科学与工程》2025年第1期58-63,共6页Ordnance Material Science and Engineering

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金(232300420365);高等学校重点科研项目基础研究专项计划(20B430003)。

摘　　要：针对双钨极TIG焊电弧建立了三维稳态数学模型,通过假设和边界条件对控制方程组进行迭代求解,分析不同钨极间距下的电弧特性。通过与单钨极TIG焊电弧进行对比,探讨了电弧温度、等离子速度、电弧压力等的差异性。通过分析不同钨极间距的电弧特性,探讨电弧形态、电磁力、电弧压力的变化规律。结果表明:双钨极TIG焊耦合电弧形态呈非轴对称分布;与单钨极TIG焊相比,可大幅降低电弧温度、等离子速度和电弧压力,且在两钨极垂直方向的电弧压力变化较缓。随钨极间距的增大,电弧间的相互作用力变弱,耦合电弧逐渐分离为两个单独电弧;电磁力的方向逐渐由电弧中心向两侧偏移,且电磁力逐渐降低;电弧压力逐渐从单峰分布向双峰分布转换,最大电弧压力先降后升。A three-dimensional steady state mathematical model was established for the TIG welding arc.The control equations were solved iteratively by assumptions and boundary conditions,and the arc characteristics under different tungsten electrode spacing were analyzed.The arc temperature,plasma velocity and arc pressure were discussed by comparing with single tungsten electrode TIG arc.By analyzing the arc characteristics of different tungsten electrode spacing,the variation rules of arc shape,electromagnetic force and arc pressure were discussed.The results show that the coupling arc shape of twin-tungsten TIG welding is asymmetrically distributed.Compared with single tungsten electrode TIG welding,the arc temperature,plasma velocity and arc pressure can be greatly reduced,and the arc pressure changes slowly in the vertical direction of the two tungsten electrodes.With the increase of tungsten electrode spacing,the interaction force between arcs becomes weaker,and the coupling arc gradually separates into two separate arcs.The direction of the electromagnetic force gradually shifts from the arc center to both sides,and the electromagnetic force gradually decreases.The arc pressure gradually changes from unimodal to bimodal distribution,and the maximum arc pressure drops first and then rises.

关 键 词：双钨极TIG焊 电弧特性 钨极间距 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TG402[金属学及工艺—焊接]