淋水区膨胀性软岩切眼变形机理与隔水强力支护技术研究  

Research on deformation mechanism and waterproof strong supporting technology of open-off cut of swelling soft rock in flood area

作　　者：黎劲东 汪占领 郭罡业 Li Jindong;Wang Zhanling;Guo Gangye(Qingshuiying Coal Mine,CHN Energy Ningxia Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 751408,China;CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司清水营煤矿,宁夏银川751408 [2]中煤科工开采研究院有限公司,北京100013

出　　处：《能源与环保》2024年第12期270-278,共9页CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

基　　金：国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司重点科技项目(GJNY-22-25)。

摘　　要：以清水营煤矿淋水区、膨胀性软岩大变形切眼为工程背景,采用理论分析、数值模拟、现场原位实测与实验室测试相结合的方法,掌握了煤岩体矿物成分、巷道围岩地质力学参数(强度、裂隙发育及地应力)、锚杆索预紧力施加水平。分析其变形破坏原因主要有3个:围岩强度低于20 MPa自身承载能力有限且黏土矿物成分平均含量大于30%;顶板淋水通过锚杆索钻孔、裂隙渗入围岩弱化其强度;锚杆索预紧力施加水平低不能发挥其主动支护作用。该类切眼变形破坏机理为水与含粘土矿物围岩相遇的弱化膨胀变形,据此提出了深部围岩注浆、浅表喷浆隔水与全断面锚索强力支护的原则,发明了加长注浆锁具实现了普通锚索的全长注浆锚固。最后设计了切眼全断面锚注支护方案并付诸实践,矿压监测结果表明,最大底鼓量与顶板下沉量分别为65、108 mm,左帮和右帮的最大内挤量分别为90、70 mm,切眼围岩保持稳定证明了该技术的有效性,为解决同等地质条件下的工程实际问题提供了理论与技术支持。Based on the engineering background of swelling soft rock large deformation open-off cut in the flood area of Qingshuiying Coal Mine,a combination of theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,on-site in-situ measurement,and laboratory testing methods were used to master the mineral composition of coal rock mass,geological and mechanical parameters of surrounding rock in the roadway(strength,crack development,and ground stress),and the horizontal application of anchor bolt preload force.Three main reasons leading to its deformation and failure were analyzed:firstly,limited carrying capacity due to surrounding rock strength less than 20 MPa and an average content of clay minerals exceeding 30%;secondly,the roof water seeps into the surrounding rock through anchor bolt drilling and cracks,weakening its strength;thirdly,the low level of preload force applied to anchor cables cannot fully exert their active supporting role.The mechanism of this type of open-off cut deformation and failure is the weakening and expansion deformation caused by the encounter between water and clay mineral bearing surrounding rock.Based on this,the principles of deep surrounding rock grouting,shallow spraying to isolate water,and full-section anchor cable strong supporting were proposed.An extended grouting lock was invented to achieve full length grouting anchoring of ordinary anchor cables.Finally,a full-section anchor grouting supporting scheme was designed and put into practice.The results of mine pressure monitoring showed that the maximum floor heave and roof subsidence were 65 and 108 mm,respectively,and the maximum internal displacement of the left and right sides were 90 and 70 mm,respectively.The stability of the surrounding rock of the open-off cut proved the effectiveness of this technology,providing theoretical and technical supporting for solving practical engineering problems under the same geological conditions.

关 键 词：淋水区 膨胀性软岩 大断面 切眼 锚注支护 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]