空间辐射生物学暴露实验装置热控设计及结果  

Thermal Control Design and Results of the Space Radiobiological Exposure Facility

作　　者：张斌全 林强 童广辉[3] 沈国红 脱长生 董永进 钟润涛[2] 王巍[2] 张萌[2] 孙野青[2] 张珅毅 ZHANG Binquan;LIN Qiang;TONG Guanghui;SHEN Guohong;TUO Changsheng;DONG Yongjin;ZHONG Runtao;WANG Wei;ZHANG Meng;SUN Yeqing;ZHANG Shenyi(Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration,National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Institute of Environmental System Biology,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China;Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家空间科学中心空间环境探测实验室,北京100190 [2]大连海事大学环境科学与工程学院,大连116026 [3]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所,上海200083

出　　处：《宇航学报》2024年第11期1849-1856,共8页Journal of Astronautics

摘　　要：在空间站梦天舱暴露平台,空间辐射生物学暴露实验装置(简称空间辐射生物学装置)处于太空冷黑背景和太阳光断续照射的极端低温和高温环境。为了支持植物种子和微小动物等生物实验样品的舱外暴露实验,给生物样品提供合适的温度以保证样品的存活,需要开展详细的装置热控设计。根据空间站轨道和装置的功能特点,优化了装置内部结构布局,采用辐射散热和热包覆被动控温为主的热控设计,并辅以加热和半导体制冷的主动控温手段。对热控设计进行了仿真分析。空间辐射生物学装置在轨运行结果表明,装置可为生物样品提供5℃~20℃范围可调的温度环境,满足生物样品暴露实验需求,校验了装置热控设计的正确性。On the exposed platform of the Mengtian Lab Module of the China Space Station,the space radiobiological exposure facility(SREF)is subject to the extremely low and high temperatures in the cold black background of space and intermittent solar irradiation.To support the experiments of exposing biological samples such as plant seeds and small animals outside the cabin and provide appropriate temperatures for the biological samples to ensure their survival,a detailed thermal control design for the facility is necessary.According to the orbit of the space station and the functional characteristics of the facility,the internal structure layout of the facility was optimized.A thermal control design mainly based on passive temperature control methods such as radiation heat dissipation and thermal insulation coating was adopted,supplemented by active temperature control means such as heating and semiconductor refrigeration.Simulation analyses were conducted on the thermal control design.The in-orbit operation results of the SREF indicate that the facility can provide a temperature environment adjustable within the range of 5℃to 20℃for biological samples,meeting the requirements of the exposure experiments of biological samples and verifying the correctness of the thermal control design of the facility.

关 键 词：空间辐射生物学 生物样品 中国空间站 热控设计 

分 类 号：V447[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]