人工老化处理对菜豆种子性状和苗期生长的影响  

Effects of artificial aging treatment on seed traits and seedling growth of kidney bean

作　　者：刘田田 古瑜[2,3] 杨子锐 黄俊轩 刘艳军 孙敏 韩启厚 LIU Tiantian;GU Yu;YANG Zirui;HUANG Junxuan;LIU Yanjun;SUN Min;HAN Qihou(College of Horticulture and Gardening,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China;Tianjin Kernel Vegetable Research Institute/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Vegetable Breeding Enterprise,Tianjin 300384,China;Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding(Tianjin),Tianjin 300192,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院园艺园林学院,天津300392 [2]天津科润蔬菜研究所·天津市蔬菜遗传育种企业重点实验室,天津300384 [3]天津市农业科学院·蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室,天津300192

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2025年第1期137-142,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：天津市财政种业创新研究项目(2024ZYCX010);天津市科技计划(23ZYCGSN00200)。

摘　　要：为探索老化方式对菜豆种子活力和幼苗生长的影响,同时筛选出适合菜豆种子生产的最佳地区,以菜豆品种双丰三号为试验材料,研究不同产地(天津、内蒙古、甘肃)和不同老化方式(自然贮存和人工老化)对菜豆种子发芽指标和幼苗生长指标的影响。结果表明,(1)天津种籽粒小干瘪,幼苗细弱。甘肃种子籽粒大饱满,幼苗粗壮。(2)人工老化(T=41℃,RH=100%)处理2 d,天津和内蒙古幼苗的根长、叶面积、鲜质量均高于空白对照。(3)自然老化4 a种子活力指标中,发芽指标与人工老化2~4 d种子试验数据相当。自然老化10 a的幼苗指标与人工老化6 d的试验数据相当。综合分析认为,天津种子为老化敏感型种子,内蒙古和甘肃的种子为耐老化型种子,且短时间人工老化处理对种子的伤害较轻,甚至对种子起到一定的引发作用。根据本试验芽率、芽势的数据,人工老化方法可以与不同贮存年份的自然老化种子相匹配,用于蔬菜种子活力的研究。In order to explore the effects of aging methods on the vigor of kidney bean seeds and seedling growth,and to screen out the optimal production region for kidney bean seed production,this study used the kidney bean variety Shuangfeng No.3 as the experimental material to investigate the effects of different production origins(Tianjin,Inner Mongolia,Gansu)and aging methods(natural storage and artificial aging)on the germination indexes of the seeds and the seedling growth indexes of the kidney bean seeds.The results showed that(1)Seeds from Tianjin were small and shriveled,producing weak seedlings,while seeds from Gansu were large and plump,producing robust seedlings.(2)After 2 days of artificial aging(T=41℃,RH=100%),the root length,leaf area,and fresh mass of seedlings from Tianjin and Inner Mongolia were higher than those in the control group.(3)Among the vigor index of seeds after 4 years of natural aging,the germination index was comparable to those of seeds artificially aged for 2-4 days.Seedling indexes of 10 years of natural aging were similar to those of seeds artificially aged for 6 days.Comprehensive analysis revealed that seeds from Tianjin were aging-sensitive,while seeds from Inner Mongolia and Gansu were aging-resistant.Moreover,short-term artificial aging treatment caused relatively mild damage to the seeds and even exhibited a certain priming effect.Based on the data of germination rate and vigor in this experiment,the artificial aging method can be matched with naturally aging seeds of different storage durations,thereby enabling its application in studies on the vigor of vegetable seeds.

关 键 词：菜豆 产地 人工老化 自然老化 种子活力 

分 类 号：S643.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]