360°棱镜安全监测定位精度分析及常数测定方法  

Analysis of 360°Prism Safety Monitoring Positioning Accuracy and Method of Constant Measurement

作　　者：王建成[1] 张志文 赖忠良 肖爱龙 何宝根[1] WANG Jiancheng;ZHANG Zhiwen;LAI Zhongliang;XIAO Ailong;HE Baogen(China Water Resources Pearl River Planning Surveying&Designing Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510610,China)

机构地区：[1]中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司,广州510610

出　　处：《广东水利水电》2025年第1期31-35,共5页Guangdong Water Resources and Hydropower

基　　金：中水珠江勘测信息系统开发项目(编号:2022KY06)。

摘　　要：360°棱镜可在水平方向测量从任何方向入射的信号,其与测量机器人组成的自动测量系统被广泛应用在工程安全监测领域。结合360°棱镜几何结构特点和性能指标,通过实验测试数据,详细分析了360°棱镜在不同偏转方向上相同的入射光线对水平角、垂直角和距离的变化规律,以及对平面和高程测量精度的影响规律,在分析360°棱镜定位精度的基础上,计算出360°棱镜常数。结果表明,360°棱镜平面点位最大偏差小于1.0 mm,点位测量中误差优于0.5 mm;高程测量值周期变化为120°,最大偏差小于2.6 mm,高程测量中误差优于2.0 mm;测定360°棱镜常数为23.1 mm。实验结果为360°棱镜的应用范围和正确使用提供了参考依据,能够更好地发挥其在工程中的作用。360°prism can measure the signal incident from any direction in the horizontal direction,and the automatic measurement system composed of measuring robot is widely used in the field of engineering safety monitoring.Combined with the geometric structure characteristics and performance indicators of 360°prism,through the test data,this paper analyzes in detail the variation law of the horizontal angle,vertical angle and distance of the same incident light in different deflection directions of 360°prism,as well as the influence law on the plane and elevation measurement accuracy.Based on the analysis of the positioning accuracy of 360°prism,the constant of 360°prism is calculated.The experimental results show that the maximum deviation of 360°prism plane point position is less than 1.0mm,and the mean square error of point position measurement is better than 0.5 mm;The periodic variation of elevation measurement value is 120°,the maximum deviation is less than 2.6mm,and the mean square error of elevation measurement is better than 2.0mm;The measured constant of 360°prism is 23.1mm.The experimental results provide a reference for the application range and correct use of 360°prisms,and can better play the role of 360°prisms in engineering.

关 键 词：360°棱镜 安全监测 定位精度 棱镜常数 

分 类 号：P204[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]