纳米SiO_(2)增强型清洁压裂液的制备及性能  

Preparation and performance of nano-SiO_(2)-enhanced clean fracturing fluid

作　　者：杨晓武[1,2] 李小斌 鄢长灏[3] 刘笑春[3] 王晨 YANG Xiaowu;LI Xiaobin;YAN Changhao;LIU Xiaochun;WANG Chen(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;Oil and Gas Technology Research Institute,PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西西安710021 [2]陕西科技大学陕西省轻化工助剂重点实验室,陕西西安710021 [3]中国石油长庆油田分公司油气工艺研究院,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《石油化工》2025年第1期70-77,共8页Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：陕西省秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设基金项目(2024QCY-KXJ-131);陕西省青年科技新星基金项目(435630669-2023KJXX—046/01)。

摘　　要：以芥酸酰胺丙基二甲胺和H_(2)O_(2)为原料制备了长碳链氧化胺表面活性剂(EDAAO),并以EDAAO为主剂构建压裂液体系,向体系中引入纳米SiO_(2)颗粒,制得纳米SiO_(2)增强型清洁压裂液,通过室内实验考察了该压裂液的流变性能、携砂性能及破胶性能等关键指标。实验结果表明,纳米SiO_(2)增强型清洁压裂液的最优配方为:2.5%(w)EDAAO+0.8%(w)水杨酸钠+3.0%(w)KCl+0.1%(w)纳米SiO_(2),SiO_(2)粒径为10 nm;该压裂液的耐温温度最高可达120℃,相较于普通压裂液提升了20%;在90℃、剪切速率170 s^(-1)的条件下持续剪切1.5 h,纳米SiO_(2)增强型清洁压裂液的黏度能够稳定维持在85 mPa·s以上,较不含纳米颗粒的压裂液黏度高2.43倍;采用煤油作为破胶剂,当煤油用量超过2.0%(w)时,纳米SiO_(2)增强型清洁压裂液可在60 min内实现破胶,黏度降至5 mPa·s以下;该压裂液的破胶液具有低伤害特性,与地层水具有良好的配伍性,满足清洁压裂液的应用要求。A long-chain amine oxide surfactant(EDAAO)was synthesized with erucamide propyl dimethylamine and H_(2)O_(2)as raw materials,and a fracturing fluid system was formulated with EDAAO as the main agent.Nano-SiO_(2)particles were introduced into the system to prepare nano-SiO_(2)-enhanced clean fracturing fluid.The rheology,sand-carrying capacity,gel-breaking performance,and other key indicators of the fracturing fluid were investigated through laboratory experiments.The results show that the optimum proportion of clean fracturing fluid is as follows:2.5%(w)EDAAO+0.8%(w)sodium salicylate+3.0%(w)KCl+0.1%(w)nano-SiO_(2),particle of SiO_(2)is 10 nm.The maximum temperature resistance of the obtained fracturing fluid is increased by 20%compared with the ordinary fracturing fluid,achieving a maximum temperature resistance of 120℃.Under 90℃ and 170 s^(-1)for 1.5 h,the viscosity of the nano-SiO_(2)-enhanced clean fracturing fluid can reach over 85 mPa·s,which is 2.43 times higher than that of fracturing fluids without nanoparticles.When kerosene is used as a gel breaker,if its dosage exceeds 2.0%(w),then the nano-SiO_(2)-enhanced clean fracturing fluid can achieve gel breaking within 60 min,with the viscosity dropping below 5 mPa·s.The gel breaking of fracturing fluid has low damage characteristics and good compatibility with formation water,which meets the application requirements of clean fracturing fluids.

关 键 词：纳米改性 清洁压裂液 黏弹性 氧化胺 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TE357.3[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]