调适与创新:魏晋首阳山陵区的葬地秩序及葬制演进  

The Burial Order and Evolution of Funeral Practices in the"Shouyang Mountain Tomb Area"during the Wei and Jin Dynasties

作　　者：赵俊杰 郭禹卿 ZHAO Junjie;GUO Yuqing

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院,北京100081 [2]山西省考古研究院,山西太原030000

出　　处：《中原文物》2024年第6期52-61,共10页Cultural Relics of Central China

摘　　要：曹魏西晋帝陵是学界关注的焦点与难点。20世纪80年代邙山晋文帝崇阳陵与晋武帝峻阳陵的发现成为考古学视角下探索西晋帝陵的基础;近年来于洛阳南郊发掘的西朱村M1被推定为魏明帝高平陵的陪葬墓,使得曹魏帝陵的研究有了较大进展。本文在前人研究的基础上,推定西晋高原陵、峻平陵位于崇阳、峻阳二陵北侧的邙山阴坡;太阳陵位于峻阳陵以西、首阳山主峰以南,且海拔高度与崇、峻二陵基本一致;曹魏首阳陵或位于首阳山主峰东南,曹凹村北的台地之上。曹休墓并非首阳陵陪葬墓,可能是曹魏宗族墓地的一员。首阳山陵区内的曹魏西晋帝陵具有近似的选址理念,西晋部分继承曹魏陵制,陵区的规划和营建有所调适和创新,并逐渐形成自身陵墓制度,对后世影响深远。The imperial tombs of the Cao Wei and Western Jin dynasties have long been a focus and challenge for academic research.The discoveries of the Chongyang Mausoleum of Emperor Wen of Jin and the Junyang Mausoleum of Emperor Wu of Jin on Mang Mountain in the 1980s provided a foundational perspective for the archaeological exploration of Western Jin imperial tombs.More recently,the excavation of M1 in Xizhu Village in southern Luoyang,identified as an accompanying tomb of the Gaoping Mausoleum of Emperor Ming of Wei,has significantly advanced the study of Cao Wei imperial tombs.Building on prior research,this paper suggests that the Gaoyuan Mausoleum and Junping Mausoleum of the Western Jin are located on the northern slopes of Mang Mountain,north of Chongyang and Junyang Mausoleums.The Taiyang Mausoleum is posited to lie west of Junyang Mausoleum and south of the main peak of Shouyang Mountain,at an elevation consistent with the Chongyang and Junyang Mausoleums.The Shouyang Mausoleum of Cao Wei is likely situated southeast of the main peak of Shouyang Mountain,on a plateau north of Cao'ao Village.The tomb of Cao Xiu is not an accompanying tomb of Shouyang Mausoleum but may belong to a Cao Wei clan cemetery.The imperial tombs of the Cao Wei and Western Jin dynasties in the"Shouyang Mountain Mausoleum Area"share similar site selection concepts.The Western Jin partially inherited the burial system of Cao Wei,while making adjustments and innovations in mausoleum planning and construction,gradually forming its distinct system,which profoundly influenced later burial practices.

关 键 词：曹魏西晋帝陵 首阳山陵区 葬地空间 陵墓制度 

分 类 号：K23[历史地理—历史学]