不同栽植密度对火龙果果实产量、品质及病虫害发生的影响  

Effects of Different Planting Densities on the Yield,Quality,and Occurrence of Diseases and Pests of Pitaya Fruit

作　　者：刘友接[1] 熊月明[1] 魏秀清[1] 李亮 许家辉[1] 梁桂东[2] Liu Youjie;Xiong Yueming;Wei Xiuqing;Li Liang;Xu Jiahui;Liang Guidong(Fruit Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China;Horticultural Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院果树研究所,福建福州350013 [2]广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《东南园艺》2024年第6期499-504,共6页Southeast Horticulture

基　　金：福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2023R1026001);“十四五”福建省种业创新与产业化工程—农业良种育种攻关与产业化开发项目(zycxny2021010);福建省市场监督管理局项目。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨不同栽植密度对火龙果果实产量、品质及病虫害发生的影响,为火龙果合理密植提供理论依据。【方法】以‘大红1号’火龙果为试材,设置不同栽植密度进行处理,对火龙果果实产量、品质及病虫害发生的影响进行研究,将试验所得的综合数据进行统计分析。【结果】不同栽植密度的‘大红1号’火龙果产量差异显著,处理3(18000株/ha)的4a生火龙果产量显著高于其他处理,果实品质、病虫害发生程度与处理1(6000株/ha)、处理2(12000株/ha)差异不显著。处理4(24000株/ha)在第2 a提前进入盛果期;同一栽植密度,随着栽培年限的增加,火龙果产量也随之增加,当栽植密度为24000株/ha时,产量则呈现先增后降现象。【结论】18000株/ha处理的火龙果产量最高,果实品质较优,病虫害发生程度低,为最适宜栽植密度。【Objective】Exploring the effects of different planting densities on the yield,quality,and occurrence of diseases and pests of pitaya fruit,and providing a theoretical basis for rational and dense planting of pitaya.【Method】Using pitaya‘Dahong No.1'dragon as the test material,different planting densities were set for treatments to study the impact on dragon fruit yield,quality,and disease and pest occurrence.The comprehensive data obtained from the experiment were statistically analyzed.【Result】The results showed that there was a significant difference in the yield of pitaya‘Dahong No.1’among different planting densities.The yield of 4-year-old pitaya under the treatment 3(18000 plants/ha)was significantly higher than that under other treatments,and there was no significant difference in fruit quality and disease and pest occurrence compared to the treatment 1(6000 plants/ha)and treatment 2(12000 plants/ha).Treatment 4(24000 plants/ha)entered the full fruiting stage ahead of schedule in the second year;With the same planting density,as the cultivation period increased,the yield of pitaya also increased.Until the planting density was 24000 plants/ha,the yield shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.【Conclusion】The treatment of 18000 plants per ha could produce the highest yield,good fruit quality,and low incidence of diseases and pests,making it the optimal planting density.

关 键 词：火龙果 栽植密度 产量 品质 病虫害 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]