劈理研究及构造意义  

Cleavage Research and Instructional Design

作　　者：李玮[1] 王美聪 姜大志 罗金海[1] 冀文斌 LI Wei;WANG Meicong;JIANG Dazhi;LUO Jinhai;JI Wenbin(State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics/Department of Geology,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,Shaanxi,China;Department of Earth Sciences,Western University,London ON N6A 5B7,Canada)

机构地区：[1]西北大学地质学系,大陆动力学国家重点实验室,陕西西安710069 [2]Department of Earth Sciences,Western University,London ON N6A 5B7,Canada

出　　处：《大地构造与成矿学》2025年第1期46-56,共11页Geotectonica et Metallogenia

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41872218、41572179、41372204、41772213);陕西省教育厅研究项目(03JF11)联合资助。

摘　　要：劈理作为常见且重要的一种地质构造,在一个世纪之前就被地质学家认识和研究。随着地质学家对劈理的进一步研究,取得了许多重要的进展和认识。然而,对于岩石中劈理的定义和认识却因人而异,在文献中劈理的使用也非常混乱。此外,关于劈理构造还有一些定义不严谨甚至错误的术语仍在使用(例如破劈理、流劈理、剪切劈理等),引起了初学者对劈理构造学习的困惑和误解。劈理是一种不仅涉及构造变形,而且涉及低级变质作用的构造现象。因此,劈理研究不仅可以帮助我们了解岩石区域变质作用,而且可恢复区域变形过程,尤其是层理与劈理的关系分析,在指导野外填图和进行构造重建具有重要的指示作用。本文根据最新教材和研究文献,结合作者在构造地质学授课实践中的教学难点和学生在劈理学习中存在的问题,对劈理教学内容进行了更新和完善。在今后的教学和学习中,我们应强调劈理形成的变质条件,理清劈理中易于混淆的概念,重点掌握层理与劈理关系在野外构造地质填图和构造恢复中的应用。As a common and important geological structure,cleavage was recognized and studied by geologists over a century ago.In recent years,geologists have achieved significant progress on cleavage study.However,the term of cleavage is still not well-defined,and the use of cleavage in the literature is very confusing.In addition,there are still some ill-defined and even incorrect terms about cleavage structure in use(such as breaking cleavage,flow cleavage,and shear cleavage),causing confusion and misunderstanding in beginners learning cleavage structure.Cleavage is a tectonic process that involves not only tectonic deformation but also low-grade metamorphism.Therefore,the study of cleavage can help us understand the metamorphism and deformation processes of region rocks,especially the analysis of the relationship between bedding and cleavage,which plays a critical role in guiding field mapping and structural reconstruction.Based on the latest textbooks and research literature,combining the author’s teaching practice of structural geology and the problems and teaching difficulties in students’cleavage study,this paper updated and improved the teaching content of cleavage.In future teaching practice,we should emphasize the metamorphic conditions of cleavage formation,clarify confusing concepts,and apply the relationship between bedding and cleavage in field tectonic geological mapping and tectonic restoration.

关 键 词：劈理 变质与变形 褶皱 构造解析 

分 类 号：P548[天文地球—构造地质学]