铬基超材料太阳能吸收-发射器对光谱调制过程的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of the Spectral Modulation Process by Chromium-Based Metamaterial Solar Absorber-Emitter Pairs

作　　者：郝家成 吴小虎 张丹[1] 陈宇航 HAO Jiacheng;WU Xiaohu;ZHANG Dan;CHEN Yuhang(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049 [2]山东高等技术研究院,济南250100

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2025年第2期84-94,共11页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51976162)。

摘　　要：基于金属基底-介质层-金属阵列的多层结构,以三角柱-圆柱金属阵列为核心,提出了铬基超材料吸收-发射器对以同步实现太阳能全谱段吸收和光谱调制。围绕对光波的吸收、发射性能及其温度场的演化,建立了光热耦合计算模型并开展了系统研究。首先,在入射太阳能波段为300~2500 nm、吸收器三角柱边长为50~300 nm、圆柱高度为10~100 nm条件下开展了吸收性能模拟;其次,在发射器基底边长为1000~2000 nm、三角柱高度为10~500 nm、圆柱高度为30~500 nm条件下开展了发射性能模拟;最后,在入射功率为3~15 MW·m^(-2)条件下进行了温度场的演化计算。研究结果表明:吸收器光谱吸收率与太阳光AM1.5吻合,总体吸收率在0.88~0.90之间,且随阵列柱体几何结构、材质无明显变化,这有利于降低制造成本和工艺难度;发射器光谱发射率与1500~2000 K时的黑体辐射力曲线基本吻合,在1450~2000 nm的区间发射效率为0.50~0.99,实现了光谱调制,其中三角柱高度与发射器自身温度是影响发射效率的关键因素;吸收-发射器对的总体光谱调制效率为0.18~0.67,在合理设计发射器表面几何结构的基础上,通过强化吸收来提高发射器温度,这是提升光谱调制效能的根本途径。研究结果可为光谱调制元件的设计和运行提供一定的参考。Based on the multilayer structure of metal substratedielectric layer-metal array with triangular column-cylindrical metal array as the core,a chromium-based metamaterial absorberemitter pair was proposed to synchronously realize solar energy full-spectrum absorption and spectral modulation.An optical-thermal coupling computational model was established around its absorption and emission performance of light waves and the evolution of its temperature field,and a systematic study was carried out.Firstly,the absorption performance was simulated under the conditions with an incident solar energy wavelength of 300—2500nm,a side length of absorber triangular column of 50—300nm and a height of the column of 10—100nm.Next,the emission performance was simulated under the conditions with a side length of the transmitter base of 1000—2000nm,a height of the triangular column of 10—500nm and a height of the column of 30—500nm.Finally,the evolution of the temperature field was calculated at an incident power of 3—15MW·m^(-2).The results show that the spectral absorptivity of absorber matched with the solar AM1.5,and the overall absorptivity was between 0.88 and 0.90,and there was no obvious change with the array column geometry and material,which was conducive to the reduction of the manufacturing cost and process difficulty;the spectral emissivity of emitter matched basically with the blackbody radiative forcing curves at 1500—2000K,and the emissivity efficiency in 1450—2000nm was 0.50—0.99,and the spectral modulation was realized,in which the height of the triangular column and the temperature of the emitter itself were the key factors affecting its emission efficiency;the absorber-emitter pair had an overall spectral modulation efficiency of 0.18—0.67;the fundamental way to improve the spectral modulation efficiency was to increase the temperature of the emitter by strengthening the absorption on the basis of the rational design of the emitter surface geometrical structure.This study can provide a ref

关 键 词：太阳能 超材料 光谱调制 吸收器 发射器 光热耦合 

分 类 号：TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]