二氧化硅气凝胶光学性能及辐射探测性能研究  

Optical Properties and Radiation Detection Properties of Silica Aerogel

作　　者：燕奕宏 张美 盛亮 唐灵芝 纪富 何佳洋 胡光[1] 胡华四[1] YAN Yihong;ZHANG Mei;SHENG Liang;TANG Lingzhi;JI Fu;HE Jiayang;HU Guang;HU Huasi(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect,Northwest Institute ofNuclear Technology,Xi’an 710024,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049 [2]西北核技术研究院强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应国家重点实验室,西安710024

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2025年第2期127-133,共7页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11975182)。

摘　　要：针对惯性约束聚变中高能γ射线探测存在的X射线影响,以及气体切伦科夫辐射体调控阈值复杂或部分切伦科夫辐射体不可调控阈值的问题,提出了使用硅气凝胶作为切伦科夫辐射体对γ射线进行探测的方法。首先,搭建透过率测量平台,测量了厚度为1 cm的410 mg/cm^(3)硅气凝胶在250~800 nm波长范围内的透过率,得到了硅气凝胶的吸收散射系数;然后,使用最小偏差角的方法对硅气凝胶的折射率进行了测量,并对全波段折射率进行拟合;进而,将得到的吸收散射系数与折射率写入Geant4软件,在硅气凝胶探测系统中,对不同能量γ射线的能量响应进行了模拟计算;最后,在西北核技术研究院的^(60)Co源上搭建系统,分别对硅气凝胶及石英玻璃的发光强度进行了测量。结果表明:硅气凝胶净信号达到了11.67 nA,不确定度为3.8%;石英玻璃的净信号达到了373.67 nA,不确定度为3.2%。研究结果证实了硅气凝胶切伦科夫探测系统对γ射线探测的可行性,说明了硅气凝胶可作为切伦科夫辐射体应用于惯性约束聚变中的高能γ射线诊断。To address the influence of Xray on the detection of highenergy gamma rays in inertial confinement fusion and the challenges associated with the complex control thresholds of gas Cherenkov radiators and the fixed thresholds of some Cherenkov radiators,a novel approach was proposed in this paper to utilize silica aerogel as a Cherenkov radiator for gammaray detection.Firstly,a transmittance measurement platform was constructed,and the transmittance of a 1 cm thick silica aerogel with a density of 410mg/cm^(3)within the wavelength range of 250nm to 800nm was measured,along with its absorption and scattering coefficients.Subsequently,the refractive index of silica aerogel was determined using theminimum deviation angle method,followed by fitting across the wavelength range from 250nm to 800nm.These derived parameters absorption and scattering coefficients,as well as the refractive index were integrated into the Geant4 software.The Geant4 software was then used to simulate the different gamma energy responses of the silica aerogel detection system.Finally,the luminous intensity of both silica aerogel and quartz glass was measured respectively using a system based on a^(60)Co source at the Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology.The results show that the net signal for silica aerogel was 11.67nA with a 3.8%uncertainty,while the net signal for quartz glass was 373.67nA with a 3.2%uncertainty.This proved the feasibility of the silica aerogel Cherenkov detection system for gammaray detection.These results demonstrate the potential of silica aerogels as Cherenkov radiators for highenergy gammaray diagnostics in ICF experiments.

关 键 词：惯性约束聚变 γ射线探测 切伦科夫辐射体 硅气凝胶 

分 类 号：TL812[核科学技术—核技术及应用]