翅荚木嫁接技术的优化及砧穗结合部的愈合特征  

Optimization of grafting techniques and healing characteristics of rootstock-scion joints in Zenia insignis

作　　者：黄钦府 HUANG Qinfu(Longyan Forestry Science Research Institute,Longyan,Fujian 364000,China)

机构地区：[1]龙岩市林业科学研究所,福建龙岩364000

出　　处：《亚热带农业研究》2024年第4期242-247,共6页Subtropical Agriculture Research

基　　金：福建省科技厅重大专项“翅荚木种质材料选育与高效培育关键技术研究”(2013NZ0001-1);龙岩市科技计划项目“翅荚木园林树种选育及栽培技术研究”(2019LYF9003)。

摘　　要：[目的]优化福建省翅荚木的嫁接技术,并探索不同抽梢期砧穗结合部的愈合特征。[方法]以翅荚木2年生实生苗为砧木,比较嫁接方法、接穗类型、激素处理对翅荚木嫁接成活的影响,并通过石蜡切片观察不同抽梢期砧穗结合部的愈合情况。[结果]同一接穗类型均以切接的成活率最高;同一嫁接方法不同接穗类型的成活率均表现为:半木质化>木质化>老枝;激素处理的最优组合为A 3B 2C 2,即100 mg·L^(-1) GA 3浸泡60 s。内源IAA、IBA和ZR含量在嫁接成活过程中波动较大,且变化趋势不同。不同抽梢期砧穗结合部的愈合程度不同,翅荚木嫁接后的最佳解缚时间为新梢长至8~10 cm后。[结论]福建省翅荚木嫁接的最优组合为:切接+半木质化接穗+100 mg·L^(-1) GA 3浸泡60 s,该嫁接组合方式可有效提高翅荚木的嫁接成活率。[Purpose]The paper aims to optimize the grafting technique of Zenia insignis Chun and explore the healing characteristics of rootstock-scion joints in different sprouting stages.[Method]By using 2 a seedlings of Z.insignis as rootstocks,the effects of grafting methods,scion types and hormone treatments on the survival rates of Z.insignis grafts were compared,and the healing characteristics of rootstock-scion joints in different sprouting stages were observed with paraffin sections.[Result]The results showed that cut grafting had highest survival rate of the same scion type.The survival rate of different scion types under the same grafting method was as follows:semi-lignified scions>lignified scions>old branches.The optimal combination of hormone treatment was A 3B 2C 2,which immerged the scions to 100 mg·L^(-1) GA 3 solution for 60 s.The concentrations of endogenous IAA,IBA and ZR fluctuated greatly during graft survival,and the change trend was different.The healing degree of rootstock-scion joints was different at different sprouting stages.The best unbinding time was when the new shoot grew to 8-10 cm after grating.[Conclusion]The optimal combination of Z.insignis grafting is cut grafting+semi-lignified scion+immerging in 100 mg·L^(-1) GA 3 solution for 60 s,which can effectively improve the grafting survival rate of Z.insignis.

关 键 词：翅荚木 成活率 嫁接方法 接穗类型 内源激素 

分 类 号：S722.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]