固体充填采场覆岩运移规律研究  

Study on Roof Strata Movement Law of Solid Filling Stope

作　　者：孙亚峰 SUN Yafeng(Lanzhou Zhongchengxin Engineering Safety Consulting Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]兰州中诚信工程安全咨询有限责任公司

出　　处：《现代矿业》2024年第12期1-6,共6页Modern Mining

摘　　要：固体充填开采可以有效控制采场岩层移动与地表沉降,其覆岩运移规律在充填体支撑作用下与传统垮落法差异性较大。为揭示固体充填采场顶板岩层移动规律,采用现场调研、理论分析及数值模拟的方法,阐明了采场顶板下沉与充填体支撑力之间的关系,建立充填开采顶板受力模型,给出了充填开采直接顶处于平衡状态时的力学条件;同时基于FLAC3D仿真软件,模拟了回采-充填工艺中采场围岩应力、应变分布特征及其变化规律。结果表明,充填体对覆岩的控制效果受地质、材料和技术的制约;固体充填开采工作面超前集中应力峰值位于前方15m,采空区集中应力位于工作面后方40m范围处,工作面后方充填采空区10m的范围应力降低;随着采空区不断充填,最大位移发生在靠近工作面一侧的充填体内,充填后采空区围岩总变形量减少58.14%,工作面前方煤壁总变形量约37.5%。研究成果进一步证实了采空区充填体对采场围岩变形的抑制效果,为固体充填开采顶板控制理论和工程实践提供理论依据。Solid filling mining can effectively control the movement of rock strata and surface subsid-ence in the stope.The migration law of overlying strata is quite different from that of traditional caving meth-od under the support of filling body.In order to reveal the movement law of roof strata in solid filling stope,by means of field investigation,theoretical analysis and numerical simulation,the relationship between roof subsidence and support force of filling body is clarified.The stress model of roof in filling mining is estab-lished,and the mechanical conditions of immediate roof in filling mining are given.At the same time,based on FLAC3D simulation software,the distribution characteristics and variation rules of stress and strain of sur-rounding rock in mining-filling process are simulated.The results show that the control effect of filling body on overlying strata is restricted by geology,materials and technology.The peak value of advanced concen-trated stress in the working face of solid filling mining is 15 m in front of the working face,the concentrated stress in the goaf is 40 m behind the working face,and the stress in the 10 m range of filling goaf behind the working face is reduced.With the continuous filling of the goaf,the maximum displacement occurs in the filling body near the side of the working face.After filling,the total deformation of the surrounding rock in the goaf is reduced by 58.14%,and the total deformation of the coal wall in front of the working face is about 37.5%.The research results further confirm the inhibitory effect of the filling body in the goaf on the deformation of the surrounding rock of the stope,and provide a theoretical basis for the roof control theory and engineering practice of solid filling mining.

关 键 词：固体充填开采 采场应力 岩层移动规律 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD3[矿业工程—矿井建设]