崩落法采空区上覆岩体采动失稳微震监测研究与应用  

Research and Application of Microseismic Monitoring of Mining Instability of Overlying Rock Mass in Caving Goaf

作　　者：彭辉 肖益盖 舒高敏 陆玉根 PENG Hui;XIAO Yigai;SHU Gaomin;LU Yugen(Sichuan Shudao Mining Group Co.,Ltd.;Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co.,Ltd.;School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University;Xiaogaozhai Phosphate Mine,Guizhou Batian Ecological Engineering Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]四川蜀道矿业集团股份有限公司 [2]中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 [3]中南大学资源与安全工程学院 [4]贵州芭田生态工程有限公司小高寨磷矿

出　　处：《现代矿业》2024年第12期116-120,共5页Modern Mining

摘　　要：无底柱分段崩落法采空区和覆盖岩层厚度测量难度大,且采空区顶板突然失稳可能造成大面积冒落,形成冲击波,危害井下作业安全。某崩落法开采形成的以典型采空区上覆岩体为研究对象,采用摩尔-库仑岩土本构模型,选择FLAC3D有限元软件进行数值模拟,确定了采空区上覆岩体重点监测部位和对象。通过较长时间的监测数据分析,总结井下主要微震震源波形特征,并通过典型微震事件进行了验证。研究结果表明,井下岩体因承受的应力增加而导致岩体变形破裂产生的微震能量信号波形,一般持续时间为15~30 ms;典型岩石破裂面受张拉作用产生的弹性波波形中只有P波震相,信号振幅大小与破裂源距离传感器的远近相关。It is difficult to measure the thickness of gob and overburden in sublevel caving without pil-lar,and the sudden instability of goaf roof may cause large area caving,resulting in shock wave which will harm the safety of underground operation.With the overlying rock mass in a typical goaf formed by caving method as the research object,Moore-Coulomb geotechnical constitutive model and FLAC3D finite element software are used for numerical simulation to determine the key monitoring positions and objects of overlying rock mass in the goaf.Through the analysis of monitoring data for a long time,the waveform characteristics of main microseismic source are summarized and verified by typical microseismic events.The research results show that the microseismic energy signal waveform generated by the deformation and fracture of under-ground rock mass due to the increase of stress is generally 15~30 ms,and the elastic wave shape generated by the tensile action of typical rock fracture surface only has P-wave phase,and the signal amplitude is re-lated to the distance between the fracture source and the sensor.

关 键 词：采空区上覆岩体 采动失稳 微震监测 震源波形 

分 类 号：TD8[矿业工程—矿山开采]