莲草直胸跳甲取食密度对空心莲子草克隆整合能力的影响  

Clonal Integration of Alternanthera philoxeroides Affected by Agasicles hygrophila Population

作　　者：李月华 周钰航 吴浩海 郑伟 李晓琼[1] LI Yuehua;ZHOU Yuhang;WU Haohai;ZHENG Wei;LI Xiaoqiong(Guangxi University Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院/广西森林生态与保育重点实验室,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2024年第10期1189-1197,共9页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202310593105);广西自然科学基金项目(2024GXNSFAA010457);广西研究生教育创新计划项目(YCSW2023017)

摘　　要：【目的】探明莲草直胸跳甲取食密度对空心莲子草克隆整合能力的影响,为空心莲子草的防治提供依据。【方法】以入侵植物空心莲子草为研究对象,通过同质园试验,比较在不同莲草直胸跳甲取食密度下(无取食、1头·株^(-1)或2头·株^(-1))、有无克隆整合对空心莲子草先端分株、基端分株及整个克隆片段地上部分生长特性、根系生长及生物量分配的影响差异。【结果】与无跳甲取食相比,有跳甲取食的空心莲子草先端分株的叶片数、地上生物量、地下生物量、总生物量、粗根数以及整个克隆片段的地下生物量均显著降低。有克隆整合的空心莲子草先端分株的叶片数、粗根数、总根数、地上生物量、地下生物量、总生物量和基端分株的地径,以及整个克隆片段的地径、地上生物量、地下生物量、总生物量与无克隆整合的相比均显著增加。在较低密度(1头·株^(-1))莲草直胸跳甲取食下,有克隆整合的空心莲子草先端分株的粗根数和基端分株的地径及整个克隆片段的地径、粗根数、地上生物量与无克隆整合相比均显著增加;然而,在高密度(2头·株^(-1))莲草直胸跳甲取食下,有克隆整合的空心莲子草先端分株和基端分株的地径、粗根数、地上生物量与无克隆整合的相比无显著差异,整个克隆整合片段的叶片数、茎长、地径与无克隆整合的相比显著增加。【结论】莲草直胸跳甲取食密度对空心莲子草的克隆整合能力产生显著影响:在无天敌取食或较低密度(1头·株^(-1))的天敌取食下,空心莲子草能通过克隆整合显著获益;但高密度(2头·株^(-1))莲草直胸跳甲能极大减弱空心莲子草的克隆整合能力,从而实现莲草直胸跳甲对空心莲子草的有效生物防治。【Objective】Clonal integration of alligator weed(Alternanthera philoxeroid)affected by the density of flea beetles(Agasicles hygrophila)population on site was studied to understand how the plants alleviate feeding pressure of the natural enemy.【Methods】In a field study on gardens of similar properties,A.philoxeroides was exposed to A.hygrophila in varying population densities(no beetles,one beetle per weed plant or two beeltes per weed plant)to examine the clonal integration of the weed in response.Plant and root growth,apical and basal ramets biomasses,and clonal fragment of the weed were monitored.【Results】The aboveground,belowground,and total biomasses,the counts of leaves and thick roots of apical ramets,and the belowground biomass of entire clonal fragment of the alligator weed on the field under herbivory of A.hygrophila were significantly lower than that free of the beetles.The numbers of leaves,thick roots,and total roots and the above-,belowground,and total biomasses of apical ramets,the diameters of basal ramets and belowground stem,the above-,belowground,and total biomasses of entire clonal fragment of the alligator weed were significantly higher with the existence of the clonal integration than without.In the presence of one beetle per weed plant,the number of thick apical ramet roots,belowground stem girth of basal ramets,and belowground stem girth,thick root count,and aboveground biomass of entire clonal fragment of the weed were significantly higher with clonal integration than without.However,when the density of the beetles increased to two on a plant with clonal integration,even though no significant differences in the belowground stem diameter,thick root count,and aboveground biomass of apical and basal ramets,the leaf count,stem length,and belowground stem girth of the entire clonal fragment were significantly greater than the weed with no clonal integration.【Conclusion】The density of A.hygrophila presented in an alligator weed growing area significantly affected the capacity of

关 键 词：入侵植物 克隆整合 空心莲子草 莲草直胸跳甲 天敌密度 

分 类 号：S435[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]