铁棒槌粗提液对青海云杉病虫害防治效果的影响  

Effects of Crude Extract from Aconitum pendulum Busch on Disease and Pest Control Effect of Picea crassifolia Kom

作　　者：李玲 LI Ling(Gucheng Nature Conservation Station,Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve Management and Protection Center,Tianzhu,Gansu 733210)

机构地区：[1]甘肃祁连山国家级自然保护区管护中心古城自然保护站,甘肃天祝733210

出　　处：《林业勘查设计》2025年第1期57-61,共5页Forest Investigation Design

摘　　要：采用铁棒槌宿根作为原料,熬制成粗提液原液,并稀释成20、40、60倍液,以清水作为对照(CK),在祁连山东端北麓浅山区天然林的林缘地带,用此对青海云杉人工林主要病虫害——叶锈病、阿扁叶蜂、大灰象和黄卷蛾进行防治试验。试验结果表明,不同稀释倍数铁棒槌粗提液均提高了叶锈病、阿扁叶蜂、大灰象和黄卷蛾防效。其中40倍液的防效最高,分别为71.82%、92.39%、91.78%和96.59%;20倍液的防效次之,60倍液的防效相对较低。值得注意的是,不同稀释倍数铁棒槌粗提液间防效差异均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),显示出其在病虫害防治方面的显著效果和潜力。此次试验不仅验证了铁棒槌粗提液在病虫害防治中的有效性,也为今后相关研究和应用提供了有力的数据支持。Using the perennial roots of Aconitum pendulum Busch as raw material,a crude extract was prepared and diluted to 20-fold,40-fold,and 60-fold solutions.Distilled water served as the control(CK).In the natural forest edge areas of the northeastern foothills of the Qilian Mountains,a pest and disease control experiment was conducted on the main pests and diseases of Picea crassifolia Kom plantations:leaf rust disease,Acantholyda piceacola Xiao et Zhou,Sympiezomias velatus(Chevrolat),and Archips crassifolianus Liu.The results indicated that the crude extract of Aconitum pendulum Busch at different dilution multiples enhanced the control effects against these pests and diseases.The 40-fold solution showed the highest efficacy,with 71.82%,92.39%,91.78%,and 96.59%control rates respectively for each pest and disease.The 20-fold solution followed with the second-highest efficacy,while the 60-fold solution had relatively lower efficacy.Notably,the differences in control effects among the various dilution multiples of the Aconitum pendulum Busch crude extract were highly significant(P<0.01),demonstrating its remarkable effectiveness and potential in pest and disease control.This experiment not only confirmed the efficacy of the Aconitum pendulum Busch crude extract in pest and disease control but also provided robust data support for future research and applications.

关 键 词：铁棒槌 粗提液 病虫害 防效 青海云杉 

分 类 号：S791.18[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S763[农业科学—林学]