基肥添加微生物菌剂和优化提苗肥对上部烟叶经济性状和品质的影响  

Effects of Adding Microbial Agents to Base Fertilizer and Optimizing Fertilizer for Raising Seedlings on Economic Traits and Quality of Upper Tobacco Leaf

作　　者：刘凌华 李思军 谢小丽 吴文信 陈夏晔 马胤华 刘怡璟 曾昭泓 刘腾辉 曾志雄 李旭[3] 邓小华[4] LIU Linghua;LI Sijun;XIE Xiaoli;WU Wenxin;CHEN Xiaye;MA Yinhua;LIU Yijing;ZENG Zhaohong;LIU Tenghui;ZENG Zhixiong;LI Xu;DENG Xiaohua(Chenzhou Branch of Hunan Provincial Tobacco Company,Chenzhou,Hunan 423000,China;Guiyang County Meteorological Bureau,Guiyang,Hunan 424400,China;Jilin Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd.,Yanji,Jilin 133000,China;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司,湖南郴州423000 [2]桂阳县气象局,湖南桂阳424400 [3]吉林烟草工业有限责任公司,吉林延吉133000 [4]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《作物研究》2024年第6期490-495,共6页Crop Research

基　　金：郴州市烟草专卖局科技项目(CZYC2022JS06);吉林烟草工业有限责任公司科技项目(KJXM2023-15)。

摘　　要：为明确基肥中添加微生物菌剂和提苗肥中添加尿素对上部烟叶产质量的影响,以云烟87为材料,设计不同基肥施用方法(基肥中未添加微生物菌剂、基肥中添加微生物菌剂),以及不同提苗肥施用方法(单施烟草专用提苗肥、单施尿素、烟草专用提苗肥和尿素混施)处理,研究其对上部烟叶经济性状、物理特性、化学成分和感官评吸质量的影响。结果表明:基肥中添加微生物菌剂可提高上部烟叶产量、产值、开片度;施用尿素作为提苗肥可提高上部烟叶开片度、单叶质量、叶片厚度、叶面积质量和烟碱含量;基肥添加“根茎康”和烟草专用提苗肥配施尿素可提高上部烟叶经济效果指数3.12%、物理特性指数2.97%、感官评吸质量指数15.69%、综合经济效果指数5.09%。因此,在稻茬烤烟基肥中添加微生物菌剂,并配施适量尿素作为提苗肥,可以提高上部烟叶产质量。To clarify the effect of adding microbial agents to base fertilizer and adding urea to seedling-raising fertilizer on the yield and quality of upper tobacco leaves,Yunyan 87 was used as material to designtwo application methods of base fertilizer(with or without adding microbial agents)and three applicationmethods of seedling-raising fertilizer(single application of special tobacco seedling-raising fertilizer,singleapplication of urea and their mixed application).The effects of microbial agents and adding urea to seedling-raising fertilizer on economic traits,physical properties,chemical composition and sensory quality of upper tobacco leaves were studied.The results showed that adding microbialagents to base fertilizer could increase the yield,output value and breadth/length of upper tobacco leaves.Application of urea as seedling-raising fertilizer could improve breadth/length,single leaf weight,leaf thickness,leaf area weight and nicotine content of upper leaves The economic effect index,physical property index,sensory quality and comprehensive economic effect index of upper tobacco leaves were increased by 3.12%,2.97%,15.69%and 5.09%respectively when adding Genjingkang to base fertilizer and with adding urea to seedling-raising fertilizer.Therefore,adding microbial agents to the base fertilizer and adding urea to seedling-raising fertilizer and adding appropriate urea in seedling-raising fertilizer can be used as a technical measure to improve the output and quality of upper tobacco leaves.

关 键 词：烤烟 施肥 上部烟叶 经济性状 烟叶品质 

分 类 号：S572.062[农业科学—烟草工业]