铜钼混合精矿预处理及强化分离研究进展  

Research Progress on Pretreatment and Enhanced Separation of Copper-Molybdenum Bulk Concentrate

作　　者：李世涛 田小松 王飞旺 梁泽跃 杨斌 戴惠新[1] 唐冬冬 LI Shitao;TIAN Xiaosong;WANG Feiwang;LIANG Zeyue;YANG Bin;DAI Huixin;TANG Dongdong(Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing,Beijing 102628,China;Yunnan Diqing Nonferrous Metals Limited Liability Company,Diqing 674401,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]矿物加工科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京102628 [3]云南迪庆有色金属有限责任公司,云南迪庆674401

出　　处：《有色金属(选矿部分)》2025年第1期21-32,共12页Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing Section)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52364033);矿物加工科学与技术国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(BGRIMM-KJSKL-2023-12);云南省科技计划项目(202401AU070174)。

摘　　要：铜和钼是国家高度重视的重要有色金属资源,通常以黄铜矿和辉钼矿的形式存在于斑岩型铜钼矿中。目前,工业上常用铜钼混合浮选-铜钼分离工艺来处理铜钼矿,然而,混合浮选阶段残留的大量药剂会导致后续的分离过程变得困难,需要通过脱药预处理等工艺来改善分离效果。详细综述了目前国内外科研工作者提出的铜钼混合精矿预处理及强化分离方法,包括以最大限度地脱除矿浆中残留的浮选药剂,降低黄铜矿的可浮性,从而提高辉钼矿回收率为目的的机械再磨法、浓缩法和吸附法等脱药预处理工艺;通过对铜钼混合精矿进行氧化处理,使黄铜矿表面被CuO、Cu(OH)_(2)、FeOOH、Fe_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)等亲水氧化产物覆盖,从而受到抑制,增大铜钼矿表面可浮性差异的氧化剂氧化、等离子体氧化、电化学氧化和加温氧化等氧化预处理工艺;以及利用黄铜矿与辉钼矿的磁性差异进行分离的脉动高梯度磁选工艺;针对辉钼矿高度分散与细粒浸染特点的浮选柱浮选工艺;用超声来促进药剂在矿物表面作用的超声处理工艺;可以增强泡沫稳定性的海水浮选工艺和通过调控矿浆电位来控制铜钼矿浮选行为的电位调控浮选法工艺。介绍了研究进展并分析了存在的主要问题,展望了未来铜钼浮选分离的研究方向,旨在对铜钼分离技术的研究提供参考。Copper and molybdenum are important non-ferrous metal resources which are highly valued by the state.They usually exist in porphyry copper-molybdenum deposits in the form of chalcopyrite and molybdenite.At present,copper-molybdenum bulk flotation-copper-molybdenum separation process is commonly used in industry to treat copper-molybdenum ore,however,a large number of chemicals remaining in the bulk flotation stage will lead to the subsequent separation process becomes difficult,and it is necessary to improve the separation effect by dedrug pretreatment and other processes.The pretreatment and intensive separation methods of copper-molybdenum bulk concentrate proposed by researchers at home and abroad are reviewed in detail,including mechanical regrinding,concentration and adsorption,which aim at removing the residual flotation agents in the pulp to the maximum extent,reducing the floatability of chalcopyrite and improving the recovery of molybdenite.The surface of chalcoprite is covered by hydrophilic oxidation products such as CuO,Cu(OH)_(2),FeOOH,Fe_(2)(SO_(4))_(3) through oxidation treatment of copper and molybdenum bulk concentrate,thus inhibiting the oxidizing pretreatment processes,such as oxidizing reagent oxidation,plasma oxidation,electrochemical oxidation and temperature oxidation,which increase the surface floatability difference of copper and molybdenum ore.It also uses the magnetic difference of chalcopyrite and molybdenite to separate the pulsating high gradient magnetic separation process,flotation column flotation process aiming at the characteristics of highly dispersed molybdenite and fine particle dyeing,ultrasonic treatment process to promote the action of chemical reagents on the surface of minerals,seawater flotation process to enhance the stability of foam and potential control flotation behavior of copper and molybdenum ore by regulating the pulp potential selection process.The research progress was introduced and the main problems were analyzed,and the future research direction of copper-

关 键 词：铜钼分离 脱药预处理 氧化预处理 电催化氧化 海水浮选 

分 类 号：TD923[矿业工程—选矿] TD952