原花青素对微细粒黄铜矿黄铁矿浮选分离抑制机理研究  

Study on the Inhibition Mechanism of Proanthocyanidins on Flotation Separation of Fine-grained Chalcopyrite and Pyrite

作　　者：董诗钦 方建军[1,2] 何海洋 邱芝莲 彭礼国 秦双 刘殿文 申培伦[1,2] DONG Shiqin;FANG Jianjun;HE Haiyang;QIU Zhilian;PENG Liguo;QIN Shuang;LIU Dianwen;SHEN Peilun(Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Separation and Enrichment of Strategic Mineral Resources,Kunming 650093,China;Southwest United Graduate School,Kunming 650092,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]云南省战略金属矿产资源绿色分离与富集重点实验室,昆明650093 [3]西南联合研究生院,昆明650092

出　　处：《有色金属(选矿部分)》2025年第1期121-130,共10页Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing Section)

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项项目(202202AG050015)。

摘　　要：自然界中约1/6的铜矿物损失于微细粒中,微细粒黄铜矿与黄铁矿分离困难,微细粒黄铜矿难以有效回收,因此实现微细粒黄铜矿与黄铁矿浮选分离具有重大意义。采用新型抑制剂原花青素(PC)用于微细粒黄铜矿与黄铁矿的浮选分离。研究了矿浆pH值、捕收剂戊基黄原酸钾(PAX)浓度、抑制剂PC浓度对矿物回收率的影响。结果表明:PC在低碱度条件下对-19μm粒级黄铁矿有明显抑制效果,在pH值为7、PC浓度为18.75 mg/L、PAX浓度为37.50 mg/L的条件下进行了黄铜矿和黄铁矿1∶1的人工混合矿物浮选试验,得到铜精矿中黄铜矿回收率为90.71%,铜品位为30.76%,含杂质黄铁矿2.49%。通过接触角测量、Zeta电位分析、吸附量测试和XPS分析,PC在黄铁矿与黄铜矿表面均发生了化学吸附作用,PC主要作用位点为Fe位点,与黄铜矿作用后,黄铜矿表面Fe位点减少,但Cu位点仍保持良好浮选活性,黄铜矿表面PAX的吸附受PC影响较小;而与黄铁矿作用后,黄铁矿表面Fe位点减少,PC显著阻碍了PAX在黄铁矿表面的吸附。新型抑制剂PC可实现微细粒级黄铜矿与黄铁矿人工混合矿的高效分离。About 1/6 of copper minerals in nature are lost in fine particles.It is difficult to separate fine chalcopyrite from pyrite,and it is difficult to effectively recycle fine chalcopyrite.Therefore,it is of great significance to realize the flotation separation of fine chalcopyrite and pyrite.A new inhibitor proanthocyanidin(PC)was used for flotation separation of fine-grained chalcopyrite and pyrite.The effects of pulp pH value,the concentration of collector potassium amylxanthate(PAX)and inhibitor PC on mineral recovery were studied.The results showed that PC had a significant inhibitory effect on-19μm pyrite under low alkalinity conditions.Under the conditions of pH value of 7,PC concentration of 18.75 mg/L and PAX concentration of 37.50 mg/L,the artificial mixed mineral flotation test of chalcopyrite and pyrite at 1∶1 was carried out.The recovery of chalcopyrite in copper concentrate was 90.71%,the copper grade was 30.76%,and the impurity-containing pyrite was 2.49%.Through contact angle measurement,Zeta potential analysis,adsorption capacity test and XPS analysis,it was found that PC had chemical adsorption on the surface of pyrite and chalcopyrite.The main action site of PC was Fe site.After interaction with chalcopyrite,the Fe site on the surface of chalcopyrite decreased,but the Cu site still maintained good flotation activity.The adsorption of PAX on the surface of chalcopyrite was less affected by PC.After interacting with pyrite,the Fe sites on the surface of pyrite decreased,and PC significantly hindered the adsorption of PAX on the surface of pyrite.The new inhibitor PC can realize the efficient separation of fine-grained chalcopyrite and pyrite artificial mixed ore.

关 键 词：原花青素 黄铜矿 黄铁矿 铜硫分离 微细粒 

分 类 号：TD952[矿业工程—选矿]