宁夏引黄灌区玉米吸收水分溯源及水分利用效率研究  

Tracing the Origin of Moisture Absorption of Corn in the Yellow River Irrigation Area of Ningxia:A Study on Water Uptake Dynamics and Utilization Efficiency

作　　者：王雨欣 毛舒月 马国荣 马永成 庄淏然 许德浩 冯克鹏[1,2,3,4] WANG Yu-xin;MAO Shu-yue;MA Guo-rong;MA Yong-cheng;ZHUANG Hao-ran;Xu De-hao;FENG Ke-peng(School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Areas,Ministry of Education,inchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;Ningxia Engineering Research Center for Water-saving Irrigation and Water Resources Control,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;Key Laboratory of the Internet of Water and Digital Water Governance of the Yellow River in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心,宁夏银川750021 [3]旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心,宁夏银川750021 [4]宁夏黄河水联网数字治水重点实验室,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2025年第1期9-20,共12页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金重点项目(2021AAC02007,2022AAC02007);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900600);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设项目(NXYLXK2021A03)。

摘　　要：研究干旱区作物水分供应与利用效率问题对优化农田灌溉制度和提升水资源的高效利用具有重要意义。本文以宁夏青铜峡引黄灌区玉米为研究对象,采用稳定氢氧同位素技术定量化追踪大气降水、土壤水和玉米木质部水的同位素特征,综合运用直接对比法、MixSIAR模型和蒸散分离技术,深入剖析了玉米在其生育期内的主要吸水深度、各阶段的相对贡献率以及水分利用效率(WUE)及其受环境因素的影响。结果表明:玉米主要吸收0~30 cm的浅层土壤水分,其在不同生育阶段的平均贡献率分别为:44.10%(出苗期)、35.44%(拔节期)、41.54%(抽穗期)、41.66%(灌浆期)和48.10%(成熟期);在整个生育期,WUE呈现波动上升趋势,受到饱和水汽压差、土壤温度和空气温度等环境因素的显著影响。结果揭示了该地区玉米生长发育过程中,对浅层土壤水分的高度依赖性和随着生育期发展水分利用效率显著提升的特性。Investigating the issues of water supply and utilization efficiency in arid regions is crucial for optimizing farmland irrigation systems and improving the efficient use of water resources.This study focuses on corn in the Ningxia Qingtongxia Yellow River Irrigation Area,utilizing stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope techniques for the quantitative tracking of isotopic characteristics in atmospheric precipitation,soil water,and corn xylem water.Through the integrated use of direct comparison methods,the MixSIAR model,and transpiration separation techniques,this research deeply analyzes the main water absorption depths of corn during its growth period,the relative contribution rates at different stages,and water use efficiency(WUE)along with the influence of environmental factors.The results indicate that corn primarily absorbs water from the shallow soil layer(0~30 cm),with average contribution rates at different growth stages being 44.10%(germination),35.44%(jointing),41.54%(tasseling),41.66%(grain filling),and 48.10%(maturity).Throughout the growth period,WUE exhibits a fluctuating upward trend,significantly affected by environmental factors such as the difference in saturated vapor pressure,soil temperature,and air temperature.The findings reveal the high dependency on shallow soil water during the growth and development of corn in this region and the significant increase in water use efficiency as the growth period progresses.

关 键 词：氢氧稳定同位素 蒸散分离 TG模型 总初级生产力 作物蒸腾 根系水分来源 吸水深度 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S565.5S274