“一带一路”绿色对外投资的环境保护困境及法律对策  

The Environmental Protection Dilemma of Green Overseas Investment under the Belt and Road Initiative and the Legal Countermeasures

作　　者：郑玲丽[1,2,3] Zheng Lingli

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院 [2]南京师范大学涉外法治学院 [3]南京师范大学中国法治现代化研究院

出　　处：《海关与经贸研究》2024年第6期1-16,共16页Journal of Customs and Trade

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“国家安全视域下中国涉外经贸法律规则体系完善研究”(项目批准号:20AZD053);教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目“CPTPP环境争端解决机制研究”(项目批准号:23YJA820033)。

摘　　要：推进“一带一路”绿色对外投资是全球环境保护、应对气候变化和可持续投资的必要举措。然而,“一带一路”绿色对外投资在国际投资法层面存在双边投资协定(BITs)环境条款不完善,国际投资仲裁中环境保护及气候变化问题复杂,投资者权益与东道国公共利益保护失衡等法律困境;在国内法层面又存在东道国司法体系的不完善与“用尽当地救济原则”的限制,国内法对对外投资环境保护力度不够等法律困境。我国作为双向投资大国,在国际投资法层面,应构建BITs“可持续发展条款”范式,合理运用“用尽当地救济原则”,构建绿色对外投资法治体系;在国内法层面,应加强海外投资基本法顶层设计,确立国内法补充适用原则,扩张国内法院对涉环境海外投资争端的司法管辖权,提高海外投资企业环境、社会、治理(ESG)合规能力,履行环境和社会责任。Promoting green overseas investment under the Belt and Road Initiative is necessary for global environmental protection in response to climate change,and sustainable investment.However,there are legal dilemmas in international investment law regarding the imperfect environmental provisions in BITs,the complexity of environmental protection and climate change issues in international investment arbitration,and the imbalance between investor rights and the protection of the host country’s public interest.In the domestic law arena,there are legal dilemmas such as the imperfection of the host country’s judicial system and the limitation of the“exhaustion of local remedies principle”,as well as the inadequate domestic legislation on environmental protection for outward investment.As a major country with two-way investment,China should establish a paradigm of“sustainable development clauses”in BITs,reasonably apply the“exhaustion of local remedies principle”,and build a legal system for green overseas investment.In the domestic law arena,China should strengthen the top-level design of overseas investment basic law,establish the principle of supplementary application of domestic law,expand the jurisdiction of domestic courts over environmental disputes involving overseas investment,enhance the ESG environmental compliance capacity of overseas investment enterprises,and fulfill environmental and social responsibilities.

关 键 词：“一带一路”倡议 绿色对外投资 用尽当地救济 环境保护 可持续发展条款 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]