ε-聚赖氨酸对苹果灰霉病菌的抑菌机制  

Inhibitory Mechanism of Epsilon-poly-L-Lysine against Botrytis cinerea in Apples

作　　者：窦勇[1] 董静[1] 陈成[2] 胡佩红[3] 刘芯池 孔令伟[4] DOU Yong;DONG Jing;CHEN Cheng;HU Peihong;LIU Xinchi;KONG Lingwei(Department of Grain Engineering and Food&Drug,Jiangsu Vocational College of Finance&Economics,Huaian 223003,China;College of Health Sciences,Jiangsu Vocational Institute of Commerce,Nanjing 211168,China;Department of Technology,Huaian Zhengchang Feed Co.,Ltd.,Huaian 223005,China;Huaian Kuailu Milk Co.,Ltd.,Huaian 223001,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏财经职业技术学院粮食与食品药品学院,江苏淮安223003 [2]江苏经贸职业技术学院健康学院,江苏南京211168 [3]淮安正昌饲料有限公司技术部,江苏淮安223005 [4]淮安快鹿牛奶有限公司,江苏淮安223001

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2025年第3期196-203,共8页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：2024年江苏省高校“青蓝工程”中青年学术带头人人才项目资助。

摘　　要：为研究ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-PL)对苹果灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea的抑制效果及其机制。用不同浓度的ε-PL处理B.cinerea,研究其对B.cinerea的菌落直径、孢子萌发、菌丝生长及对苹果灰霉病防治效果的影响,同时考察B.cinerea细胞通透性、抗氧化酶活性、细胞可溶性蛋白与核酸的泄漏、丙二醛含量及活性氧的变化规律。结果表明:ε-PL对B.cinerea的最小抑菌浓度为400 mg/L,该浓度的ε-PL能有效控制苹果灰霉病;100 mg/L以上的ε-PL能显著抑制B.cinerea孢子萌发和菌丝生长(P<0.05),破坏孢子膜结构,增大孢子细胞的通透性,造成可溶性蛋白与核酸发生泄漏,使孢子形态呈现萎缩干瘪、甚至溶解现象;此外,100 mg/L以上的ε-PL能显著降低B.cinerea的超氧化物歧化酶、多酚氧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性,升高丙二醛含量(P<0.05)。综上,ε-PL能通过破坏B.cinerea孢子细胞膜结构、增大细胞通透性、抑制抗氧化酶活性、促进活性氧的积累,进而增大孢子膜的脂质过氧化程度,损伤孢子结构,最终抑制苹果灰霉病菌的生长。此项研究可为ε-PL在苹果采后病害防治中的应用打下基础,具有较高的应用价值。The aim of the study was to investigate the inhibitory effect and mechanism ofε-poly-L-lysine on Botrytis cinerea causing gray mold in apples.The effects of different concentrations ofε-PL on colony diameter,spore germination,mycelial growth of B.cinerea,and its effect on controlling gray mold in apples were studied.The changes in cell permeability,antioxidant enzyme activities,cellular soluble protein and nucleic acid leakage,malonaldehyde content,and reactive oxygen species of B.cinerea were also investigated.The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration ofε-PL against B.cinerea was 400 mg/L,and the concentration ofε-PL could effectively control gray mold in apples.ε-PL concentration above 100 mg/L could significantly inhibit the spore germination and mycelium growth of B.cinerea(P<0.05),damage the spore membrane structure,and cause the leakage of soluble protein and nucleic acid,resulting in atrophic,small,and even dissolving spores.In addition,ε-PL concentration above 100 mg/L could significantly reduce the activities of superoxide dismutase,polyphenol oxidase,and catalase of B.cinerea and increase the content of malonaldehyde(P<0.05).In conclusion,ε-PL could damage the cell membrane structure of B.cinerea spores,increase cell permeability,and inhibit the activities of antioxidant enzymes,promote the accumulation of reactive oxygen species.This increased the degree of lipid peroxidation of the spore membrane,damaged the spore structure,and ultimately inhibited the growth of B.cinerea.This study laid a foundation for applyingε-PL in the prevention and control of postharvest diseases of apples and had high application value.

关 键 词：Ε-聚赖氨酸 抑菌机制 苹果灰霉病 细胞泄漏 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]