大斑芫菁浸提物及其主要成分对红火蚁的引诱作用  

Relative attractiveness of the major components of Mylabris phalerata extract to Solenopsis invicta

作　　者：钟家美 徐金柱[1] 凌斯全 严政 秦长生[1] 夏斌[2] 洪紫琼 林梓韫 邱华龙[1] ZHONG Jia-Mei;XU Jin-Zhu;LING Si-Quan;YAN Zheng;QIN Chang-Sheng;XIA Bin;HONG Zi-Qiong;LIN Zi-Yun;QIU Hua-Long(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture,Protection and Utilization,Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,China;College of Life Science,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;College of Ecology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Plant Protection,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510630,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省林业科学研究院,广东省森林培育与保护利用重点实验室,广州510520 [2]南昌大学,生命科学学院,南昌330031 [3]兰州大学生态学院,兰州730000 [4]华南农业大学植物保护学院,广州510630

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2024年第5期1026-1036,共11页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：广东省林业科技创新项目(2023KJCX030);广东省重点研发计划(2022B1111030002);广州市科技计划(2023A04J0838)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析大斑芫菁Mylabris phalerata浸提物的主要成分,并测定其对红火蚁Solenopsis invicta的引诱活性,旨在为红火蚁的高效监测和防治提供可靠的物质基础。【方法】使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)对大斑芫菁的正己烷浸提物进行成分分析,并利用气相-触角电生理联用仪(Gaschromatography-electroantennographicdetection,GC-EAD)和运动轨迹追踪系统(Ethovision XT)分别测定红火蚁对浸提物及6种主要成分的触角电生理反应与行为反应。【结果】在大斑芫菁浸提物中共检测出13种化合物,其中相对含量最高的成分为(E)-9-十八碳烯酸(49.76%±1.04%),单头含量为(1.66±0.40)mg。GC-EAD结果表明乙酸薄荷酯、Isomenthyl acetate、斑蝥素、正十六酸、(E)-9-十八碳烯酸和油酸乙酯6种成分能引起红火蚁的触角电生理反应。行为试验表明,(E)-9-十八碳烯酸和油酸乙酯对红火蚁工蚁、有翅雌蚁及有翅雄蚁均具有显著的引诱作用(P<0.05),而乙酸薄荷酯对这3种品级红火蚁均具有一定的驱避作用。【结论】(E)-9-十八碳烯酸和油酸乙酯是大斑芫菁浸提物中对红火蚁表现出引诱作用的主要功能成分,具有开发成红火蚁引诱剂的潜力。【Aim】To determine the attractiveness of the major components of Mylabris phalerata extracts to Solenopsis invicta with the aim of finding an effective lure to improve the monitoring and control of this pest.【Methods】The composition of M.phalerata hexane extracts was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The antennal electrophysiological responses of S.invicta to M.phalerata extracts,and six major components of these,were determined using gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection(GC-EAD)and the behavioral responses of workers,females,and male alates to these compounds were determined using an animal trajectory tracking system(Ethovision XT).【Results】Thirteen compounds were identified in the extracts.The most abundant was 9-octadecenoic acid,(E)-,which comprised 49.76%±1.04%of the total and had an individual content of(1.66±0.4)mg.GC-EAD results indicate that six compounds,namely menthyl acetate,isomenthyl acetate,cantharidin,palmitic acid,9-octadecenoic acid,(E)-,and ethyl oleate,elicited EAD responses.The behavioral experiments indicate that M.phalerata extract,9-octadecenoic acid,(E)-,and ethyl oleate were significantly more attractive to S.invicta workers(P<0.05),females,and male alates than the control substance.In contrast,menthyl acetate was repellent to workers,females,and male alates.【Conclusion】9-octadecenoic acid,(E)-and ethyl oleate are major components of M.phalerata extracts that are attractive to S.invicta.Consequently,there is potential to use these compounds as attractants to monitor and control this pest.

关 键 词：红火蚁 大斑芫菁 GC-MS EAD 引诱作用 

分 类 号：TQ453.4[化学工程—农药化工]