不同修复措施对镉污染稻田土壤理化性质及酶活性的影响  

Effects of Different Remediation Measures on Physicochemical Properties and Enzyme Activities of Cadmiumcontaminated Paddy Soil

作　　者：段亦鹏 汤爱萍[1] 吴永明[2] 李亮 李娅 邓觅[2] 刘亚军 DUAN Yipeng;TANG Aiping;WU Yongming;LI Liang;LI Ya;DENG Mi;LIU Yajun(College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China;Institute of Microbiology,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang 330096,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学环境与化学工程学院,江西南昌330063 [2]江西省科学院微生物研究所,江西南昌330096

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2024年第6期160-168,共9页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金面上项目(20224BAB205009);江西省科学院省级科研项目经费包干制试点示范项目(2023YSBG22012);江西省科学院引进博士项目(2023YYB01)。

摘　　要：【目的】评估不同修复措施对镉污染稻田的钝化修复效果及其对土壤环境质量的影响。【方法】采用田间大棚原位钝化修复试验,分析土壤调酸(soil acidity regulation,AR)以及施用铁肥(iron fertilizer,IFe)、功能复合菌肥(functional composite microbial fertilizer,MF1)和商业复合菌肥(commercial composite microbial fertilizer,MF2)4种修复措施对水稻镉吸收、土壤理化性质、微生物生物量碳以及酶活性的影响。【结果】(1)不同修复措施均可显著降低稻谷中的镉含量(降幅均大于26.01%);与对照组相比,AR和IFe处理的土壤有效态镉含量分别降低了25.13%和15.99%;(2)AR处理对土壤理化性质的影响较大,可显著提高土壤pH以及有机碳和全磷的含量;此外,所有修复处理均可降低土壤铵态氮和硝态氮的含量;(3)与对照组相比,仅AR处理可显著降低微生物生物量碳;AR、IFe和MF2处理均可显著降低β-葡萄糖苷酶和硝酸还原酶的活性,IFe处理还可显著降低酸性磷酸酶的活性,而MF1处理可显著增强多酚氧化酶和硝酸还原酶的活性。【结论】不同镉污染修复措施对土壤环境的影响存在差异,其中,功能复合菌肥对土壤环境最为友好。[Purpose]To evaluate the passivation and remediation effects of different remediation measures on cadmium(Cd)contaminated paddy fields and their impacts on soil environmental quality.[Methods]Using field greenhouse in-situ passivation remediation experiments,the effects of four remediation measures,including soil acidity regulation(AR),iron fertilizer application(IFe),functional composite microbial fertilizer(MF1),and commercial composite microbial fertilizer(MF2),on the cadmium uptake of rice,soil physicochemical properties,microbial biomass carbon,and enzyme activities were analyzed.[Results]1)Different remediation measures could significantly reduce the cadmium content in rice(with a decrease of more than 26.01%);and compared with the control group,the soil available cadmium content of AR and IFe treatments decreased by 25.13%and 15.99%,respectively.2)AR treatment had a significant effect on the physicochemical properties of soil,which could significantly increase soil pH,organic carbon content,and total phosphorus content.In addition,all remediation treatments could reduce soil ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contents.3)Compared with the control group,only AR treatment significantly reduced microbial bio-mass carbon,while AR,IFe,and MF2 treatments significantly decreasedβ-glucosidase and nitrate reductase activities;and IFe treatment significantly decreased acid phosphatase activity,while MF1 treatment significantly enhanced the activities of polyphenol oxidase and nitrate reductase.[Conclusion]Different cadmium pollution remediation measures have differentiated effects on soil environment,among which,functional composite microbial fertilizer is the most environmentally friendly.

关 键 词：镉污染修复 稻田土壤 土壤理化性质 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S511.061[农业科学—作物学]