劳动实践本体论的“价值”原则考辨——从布达佩斯学派的质疑和卢卡奇的可能回应谈起  

An Investigation of the“Value”Principle of Labor Practice Ontology--From the Budapest School’s Doubts and Lukacs’Possible Response

作　　者：温权 崔晋 WEN Quan;CUI Jin(School of Marxism,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;School of Marxism,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]南京大学马克思主义学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《烟台大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第1期23-32,共10页Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“马克思与克尔凯郭尔的辩证法比较研究”(21CZX009)。

摘　　要：承袭唯物史观的微言大义,勾勒劳动实践本体论的基本意涵,本是卢卡奇晚年苦心孤诣而未竟的理论事业。但其直系弟子组建的布达佩斯学派,却对卢卡奇有关“价值”范畴的系列论断心存芥蒂,并以“不同的对象性形式何以证成普遍的价值原则”为引,别裁现代社会中个体的主体性形象。殊不知,这恰恰构成布达佩斯学派误读卢卡奇为何最终选择用“劳动实践本体论”,而非“历史本体论”重释马克思主义哲学的认识论因应。其中,不仅潜藏对话双方的政治旨趣开始分道扬镳的思想端倪,更涉及布达佩斯学派诸成员在日后悖离马克思主义立场的实践诱因。鉴于此,立足“价值”范畴,在复现布达佩斯学派对卢卡奇晚年哲学谋划的“犹疑心态”之余,再以后来者视角合理续写卢卡奇本人的“可能回应”,就不失为蠡测二者思想纠葛,继而臧否各自得失的有效途径。Inheriting the profound wisdom of historical materialism and delineating the fundamental connotations of labor practice ontology were the theoretical endeavors that Lukacs diligently pursued but ultimately left unfinished in his twilight years.However,his direct disciples,who formed the Budapest School,expressed dissatisfaction with Lukacs’series of assertions regarding the‘value’category,using the question“How can different object forms justify universal principles of value?”as a guide to define the subjective image of individuals in modern society.This not only concealed the ideological clues that the political interests of the two parties in the dialogue began to diverge,but also involved the practical inducements for the members of the Budapest School to deviate from the Marxist position in the future.In view of this,based on the category of“value”,in addition to reproducing the Budapest School’s“hesitant mentality”towards Lukacs’philosophical planning in his later years,and then reasonably continuing Lukacs’s own“possible response”from the perspective of later generations,it is an effective way to gauge the ideological entanglement between the two and then comment on their respective gains and losses.

关 键 词：布达佩斯学派 卢卡奇 本体论 价值 实践 

分 类 号：B15[哲学宗教—世界哲学]