悬浮床加氢装置尾渣气化副产炭黑的理化特性及分离特性  

Physicochemical Properties and Separation Characteristics of Byproduct Soot in Gasification of Petroleum Residue From the Fluidized Bed Hydrogenation Unit

作　　者：王辰[1] 蔡志阳 唐冬萍 王亦飞[1] WANG Chen;CAI Zhiyang;TANG Dongping;WANG Yifei(State Key Laboratory of Coal Liquification,Gasification and Utilization with High Efficiency and Low Carbon Technology,Institute of Clean Coal Technology,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学煤液化气化及高效低碳利用全国重点实验室洁净煤技术研究所,上海200237

出　　处：《石油学报(石油加工)》2025年第1期231-242,共12页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

摘　　要：悬浮床加氢装置尾渣气化副产炭黑,炭黑排放过程中产生黑水。为探究黑水分离炭黑的最佳条件,实现炭黑的资源化再利用,采用元素分析、傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜等手段对炭黑的基本物理特性进行了系统分析;以聚合氯化铝、聚合硫酸铁、聚丙烯酰胺、阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺为絮凝剂,采用混凝-沉淀法进行炭黑在水中的分离特性实验,并对分离后炭黑的絮团大小、形貌及化学特性进行了研究。结果表明:炭黑粒径较小,碳元素质量分数高达97%;选用阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺在添加质量浓度0.4 mg/L、沉降时间3.5 min时,炭黑在水中的絮凝沉降效果最佳,水的透光率可达96.3%,絮凝后的炭黑颗粒尺寸显著变大;炭黑在450℃即可发生氧化,气化过程属于均相模型,平均活化能为171.91 kJ/mol。The byproduct soot is produced in the gasification of petroleum residue from the fluidized bed hydrogenation unit,and black water is produced during soot discharge.To investigate optimal conditions for separating soot from black water and achieve byproduct soot recycling,the basic physicochemical properties of the soot were sysematically analyzed by means of elemental analyzer,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and scanning electron microscope(SEM).Polyaluminium chloride,polyferric sulfate,polyacrylamide and cationic polyacrylamide were used as flocculants to conduct an experiment on the separation characteristics of the soot in water using coagulation-sedimentation method,and the floe size,morphology,and chemical properties of the separated soot were also studied.The results show that the soot has a small particle diameter and the mass fraction of carbon is as high as 97%.The flocculation and sedimentation effect of the soot in water achieves the best when cationic polyacrylamide is added at the concentration of 0.4 mg/L and sedimentation time of 3.5 min.At this time,the water transmittance can reach up to 96.3%,and the particle size of the soot is significantly increased after flocculation.Based on above,it is concluded that soot can be oxidized at 450℃,the gasification process belongs to the homogeneous model,and the average activation energy is 171.91 kJ/mol.

关 键 词：炭黑 理化特性 混凝-沉淀 分离特性 阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺 

分 类 号：X742[环境科学与工程—环境工程]