查理一世时期政治冲突与“议会主权”观念的诞生  

The Political Conflict during the Reign of Charles I and the Birth of the Idea of“Parliamentary Sovereignty”

作　　者：郁迪 Yu Di

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《世界历史评论》2024年第4期64-78,291,共16页The World History Review

基　　金：上海哲学社会科学规划青年项目“十七世纪英国共和主义思想研究”(项目编号:2024ELS006)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“议会主权”论是英国内战前最重要的思想成果之一。从17世纪20—40年代议会与君主之间围绕“自由/特权”的反复交锋中可知,议会主权观念经历了从人民“自由”之维护,到议会“特权”之扩张,再到议会“权威”之确立的三个发展阶段。其内涵也从最初消极性的自由与财产权,逐步延伸至“行政权”“司法解释权”乃至“军权”。君主与国家、议会、人民的关系始终处于动态起伏的过程中。一系列现实政治冲突是不断推波助澜的导火索,议会反对派的思想也在这一抗争过程中不断明晰化、激进化。完整呈现这一政治斗争史的历程,有助于在动态的话语策略中,把握近代世界诞生时的诸多关键信息。The theory of“parliamentary sovereignty”is one of the most important intellectual achievements before the Civil War.From the repeated debates between parliament and kings around“Liberty”in the 1620—1640s,the idea of parliamentary sovereignty has gone through three stages of development:the maintenance of people’s“Liberty”,the expansion of parliamentary“privilege”,and the establishment of parliamentary“authority”.Its connotation has gradually extended from the initial negative protect of Liberty and property to“executive power”,“judicial interpretation power”,and even“military power”.During this process,the relationship between the king and people has always undergone dynamic fluctuations.A series of political conflicts were the constant driving force,and the ideas of the parliament were also constantly clarified and radicalized.The complete presentation of this political struggle helps to grasp many key information about the birth of the modern world in dynamic discourse strategies.

关 键 词：议会 自由 特权 议会主权 《大宪章》 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]