圆柱形装药爆炸驱动球形破片的飞散特性  

Dispersion Characteristics of Spherical Fragments Driven by Cylindrical Charge

作　　者：申仕良 李金柱[1] 马峰[1] 姚志彦 SHEN Shiliang;LI Jinzhu;MA Feng;YAO Zhiyan(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2025年第2期63-73,共11页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

摘　　要：为了研究球形预制钨破片在圆柱形装药驱动下的飞散规律,开展了预制破片战斗部飞散试验。针对传统梳状靶无法测量破片群速度分布的问题,设计并制作了一种全新的交叉梳状靶,成功测得了多个破片穿靶产生的脉冲信号和着靶位置。采用LS-DYNA模拟研究了圆柱形装药爆炸驱动球形破片的飞散特性。结果表明:数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合良好,交叉梳状测速靶能够较为准确地测量多个破片的飞散速度;增加装药长径比可以削弱装药两端稀疏波对破片速度的影响,但效果随长径比增加而逐渐减弱。To investigate the dispersion characteristics of spherical tungsten fragments driven by a cylindrical charge,dispersion tests were conducted on a warhead with spherical prefabricated fragments.Considering the limitation of traditional comb targets,which can only measure the maximum velocity instead of the velocity distribution of the fragment group,a novel crossed-comb target was designed and fabricated.This velocity measurement device successfully recorded the pulse signals generated by multiple fragments penetrating the target and the impact positions.Numerical simulations were conducted using LS-DYNA to calculate the dispersion characteristics of spherical fragments driven by cylindrical charges.The results indicate that the numerical simulation results agree well with the test data.The designed crossed-comb shaped target can accurately measure the scattering velocities of multiple fragments.Increasing the length-todiameter ratio can mitigate the effect of rarefaction waves at both ends of the charge on the fragment velocities;however,this mitigating effect diminishes as the length-to-diameter ratio continues to increase.

关 键 词：交叉梳状靶 测速装置 预制破片 飞散速度 长径比 

分 类 号：O389[理学—流体力学] O521.3[理学—力学]