不同种植密度对‘大同黄花’品质与产量的影响  

The effect of different planting densities on the quality and yield of'Datong Huanghua'

作　　者：李名莉 刘玉兰 阚以琴 邢国明[1] 马涛[2] 孙胜[1] Li Mingli;Liu Yulan;Kan Yiqin;Xing Guoming;Ma Tao;Sun Sheng(College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030801,China;High Latitude Crops Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Datong 037006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西晋中030801 [2]山西农业大学高寒区作物研究所,山西大同037006

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期85-92,共8页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“黄花菜绿色高效生产技术模式研发与推广”(2021YFD1600301-4)。

摘　　要：[的]本研究旨在探索黄花菜品种‘大同黄花’适宜种植密度,提高产量,以期为当地黄花菜产业高质量发展提供技术指导。[方法]本研究以‘大同黄花’为试材,设5种不同种植密度:T1(25019穴/hm^(2))、T2(20009穴/hm^(2))、T3(16679穴/hm^(2))、T4(14294穴/hm^(2))、T5(12509穴/hm^(2)),研究不同种植密度对‘大同黄花’生长、光合参数、品质、产量的影响。[结果](1)黄花菜的株高、冠幅均随种植密度的增加呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势,处理T3的株高最高,为46.7 cm,较最低处理T1高出7.03%。(2)处理T3的净光合速率最高,达到2.34μmol/(m^(2)·s),显著高于其它处理。(3)处理T3花蕾中维生素C、总酚、β-胡萝卜素、游离氨基酸含量较其它处理均为最高,分别达到33.99 mg/100 g、0.38mg/g、11.64μg/g、11.54 mg/g,显著高于处理T1、T5。(4)处理T3单穴平均花薹数达到5个,单薹平均花蕾数为12个,平均单花重为4.47 g,产量达到4594.50 kg/hm^(2),显著高于其它处理,其次为处理T4,产量达到3819.90 kg/hm^(2)。[结论]种植密度对黄花菜生长与光合特性、产量和品质均造成影响,且处理T3(16679穴/hm^(2))相较于其它处理,优势明显,适合黄花菜丰产栽培中采用。[Objective]The current study was designed to optimize planting density for'Datong Huanghua'daylilies to increase yield,and provide technical guidance for the high-quality development of the local daylily industry.[Method]Five planting densities were tested using'Datong Huanghua'as the experimental material:T1(25019 holes/hm^(2)),T2(20009 holes/hm^(2)),T3(16679 holes/hm^(2)),T4(14294 holes/hm^(2)),and T5(12509 holes/hm^(2)).The effects of different planting densities on growth,photosynthetic parameters,quality,and yield were analyzed.[Results](1)Plant height and crown width initially increased and then decreased with higher planting density.T3 exhibited the greatest plant height(46.7 cm),which was 7.03%higher than T1,which had the lowest.(2)T3 showed the highest net photosynthetic rate at 2.34μmol/(m^(2)·s),significantly higher than other treatments.(3)T3 also achieved the highest levels of processing vitamin C(33.99 mg/100 g),total phenols(0.38 mg/g),β-carotene(11.64μg/g),and free amino acids(11.54 mg/g),significantly higher than T1 and T5.(4)T3 had the highest average number of flower stems per hole(5),with an average of 12 flower buds per stem.The average weight of a single flower was 4.47 g,and the yield reached 4594.50 kg/hm^(2),significantly higher than other treatments.T4 followed with a yield of 3819.90 kg/hm^(2).[Conclusion]Planting density influenced the growth,photosynthetic characteristics,yield,

关 键 词：黄花菜 密度 生长 品质 产量 

分 类 号：S644.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]