酵母细胞工厂的全局调控策略  

Global regulation strategies for yeast cell factories

作　　者：马冬石 秦磊 李春 MA Dongshi;QIN Lei;LI Chun(Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Institute of Biochemical Engineering,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis of the Ministry of Education,Department of Chemical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学化学与化工学院生物化工研究所医药分子科学与制剂工程工信部重点实验室,北京100081 [2]清华大学化学工程系工业生物催化教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《生物加工过程》2025年第1期1-9,共9页Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22138006、22278240)。

摘　　要：酵母细胞工厂生产化合物具有高效、绿色可持续的优势。然而酵母自身的代谢流不平衡导致化合物的产量难以达到工业化需求,需要对酵母细胞工厂进行调控和改造。但是,少量靶点的改造往往难以进一步提升产量,因此需要运用全局调控手段对细胞代谢网络进行整体调节。本文综述了利用遗传工具和环境变量来调节细胞全局代谢的研究策略。CRISPR、全局转录因子及辅因子等全局调控手段与多组学技术的结合为酵母细胞工厂中产物合成的调控提供了最主要的解决策略。此外,利用高温、低温或酸等环境变量对酵母细胞工厂进行全局调控是一种更加便捷的全局调控方式,为细胞工厂生产的优化提供了新的思路。综上所述,各种全局调控策略可提升酵母细胞工厂的生产效率,为细胞工厂的开发和绿色生物制造提供了重要途径。The production of compounds by yeast cell factories has the advantages of high efficiency and green sustainability.However,the imbalanced metabolic flow of yeast,such production at industrial scale often requires regulation and transformation of yeast cell factories.In fact,the global regulatory methods are utilized to regulate the overall cellular metabolic network because the modification of a small number of targets is usually hard to meet the manufacture need.In this review,we summarized the research strategies for regulating global cellular metabolism using genetic tools and environmental variables.The combination of global regulatory methods such as CRISPR,global transcription factors,and cofactors with multiomics techniques proved to be the most effective solution to the regulation of product synthesis in yeast cell factories.Furthermore,environmental variables such as high temperature,low temperature,or acid could also be adjusted for global regulation,offering new insights for production optimization in cell factories.In conclusion,the implementation of diverse global regulatory techniques could significantly enhance the productivity of yeast cell factories,providing a new approach offering for the advancement of cell factories and green biomanufacturing.

关 键 词：酵母细胞工厂 全局调控 CRISPR 辅因子 温度胁迫 酸胁迫 

分 类 号：Q813[生物学—生物工程] Q939.9