弱矿化水及秸秆隔层对土壤水盐运移的影响  

Effects of Weak Mineralized Water and Straw Interlayer on Soil Water and Salt Transport

作　　者：赵廷红[1] 袁文磊 苏宗刚 ZHAO Ting-hong;YUAN Wen-lei;SU Zong-gang(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,兰州730050

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2025年第1期94-102,共9页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51969012)。

摘　　要：为探究弱矿化水及秸秆隔层处理对土壤水盐运移的影响,通过室内土柱入渗蒸发试验,研究在淡水和不同矿化度弱矿化水(1、2、3 g/L)灌溉情况下秸秆隔层埋深0、10、20 cm时供试土壤的水盐分布情况。结果表明:入渗阶段湿润锋与入渗时间呈幂函数关系,水分入渗速率随着矿化度的增大而增大,累计入渗量随矿化度增加而减小;累计入渗量与入渗时间分别采用Kostiakov模型和Philip入渗模型进行拟合,拟合效果良好;蒸发阶段,秸秆隔层对埋深以下的土体具有显著的保水效果,土壤盐分垂直分布呈现明显的低脱效应,且在秸秆隔层处积盐;灌溉水矿化度为2 g/L及秸秆隔层深度为10 cm时有利于土壤底部脱盐,且有较好的促进土壤水分入渗及保水效果。该研究可为弱矿化水灌溉及秸秆资源的开发利用提供依据和参考。To explore the effects of weak mineralized water and straw separation treatment on soil water and salt transport,through indoor soil column infiltration and evaporation test,the distribution of water and salt in soil under the irrigation condition of fresh water and slightly mineralized water with different salinity(1,2,3 g/L)at the buried depth of 0,10 and 20 cm of straw interlayer was studied.The results show that there is a power function relationship between the wetting front and the infiltration time at the infiltration stage.The water infiltration rate increases with the increase of salinity,and the cumulative infiltration decreases with the increase of salinity.Kostiakov model and Philip model are used to fit the cumulative infiltration amount and infiltration time respectively,and the fitting results are good.During the evaporation stage,the straw interlayer has a significant water retention effect on the soil below the buried depth,and the vertical distribution of soil salinity shows a significant low desalination effect,and salt accumulates in the straw interlayer.When the salinity of irrigation water is 2 g/L and the depth of straw layer is 10 cm,it is conducive to soil bottom desalting,and has a better effect of promoting soil water infiltration and water retention.The research can provide basis and reference for weak mineralized water irrigation and the exploitation and utilization of straw resources.

关 键 词：微咸水 矿化度 秸秆还田 土壤水分 水盐运移 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]