2022年~2023年中国新疆地区商品蛋鸡鸡毒支原体与滑液囊支原体流行病学调查  

Surveying the epidemiology of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae in commercial laying hens in Xinjiang,China from 2022 to 2023

作　　者：马亚珍 张丹 符玉涓 李璐 李舵 MA Ya-zhen;ZHANG Dan;FU Yu-juan;LI Lu;LI Duo(Animal Health Supervision Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区动物卫生监督所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中国预防兽医学报》2024年第11期1117-1123,共7页Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：新疆少数民族科技人才培养计划科研项目(2021D03005)。

摘　　要：为了解我国新疆地区鸡毒支原体(MG)和滑液囊支原体(MS)的感染情况,本研究对新疆地区2022年~2023年共计15个商品蛋鸡场采集的250份样品(185份喉头样品、65份关节液样品)经16S rRNA基因的PCR鉴定,结果显示250份样品中支原体阳性样品86份,总体感染率34.4%(86/250),其中MG阳性样品56份,平均感染率22.4%(56/250),MS阳性样品43份,平均感染率17.2%(43/250),MG和MS共感染13份,两种支原体的共感染率为5.2%(13/250)。采用SPSS19.0软件对新疆地区鸡群MG和MS阳性样品从不同感染区域、年份、采样部位以及不同季节的感染情况进行分析,结果显示:新疆地区MG和MS阳性样品主要来自南疆地区,具有明显的区域性(P<0.05);2023年MG和MS的感染率高于2022年,有逐年增加的趋势(P<0.05);MG多在感染鸡喉头检出,而MS多在关节液中检出(P<0.01);MG和MS感染以冬春季节多发,具有明显的季节性(P<0.05)。同时,选取南疆(XJ1和XJ3)和北疆(XJ2和XJ4)地区不同阳性鸡场的MG、MS各1份阳性病料样品,进行菌株的分离与鉴定、16S rRNA基因的PCR鉴定并测序,构建16S rRNA基因的遗传进化树。结果显示,分离株XJ1和XJ2符合MG特征,分离株XJ3和XJ4符合MS特征。采用MEGA7软件基于16S rRNA基因构建系统进化树,结果显示分离自两个不同阳性鸡场的MG分离株亲缘关系相近,具有相近的遗传背景和来源;分离自两个不同阳性鸡场的MS分离株与我国河南MS分离株HN01和韩国MS分离株A4、G3亲缘关系较近。本研究对我国新疆维吾尔自治区商品蛋鸡两种支原体进行了较为全面的流行病学调查,为我区MG和MS流行病学数据及制定这两种支原体感染的有效防控措施提供了参考依据。To understand the infection status of Mycoplasma gallisepticum(MG)and Mycoplasma synoviae(MS)in Xinjiang,a total of 250 samples,comprising 185 throat swabs and 65 joint fluid samples,were collected from 15 commercial egg farms across the Xinjiang region.PCR identification of the 16S rRNA gene showed that 86 of the 250 samples were positive for mycoplasma,with an overall infection rate of 34.4%.Specifically,56 samples were positive for MG,with an average infection rate of 22.4%,and 43 samples were positive for MS,with an average infection rate of 17.2%.Additionally,13 samples exhibited co-infected with MG and MS,with a co-infection rate of 5.2%.Using SPSS 19.0 software,we analyzed the infection data of MG and MS positive samples from different regions,years,sampling sites,and seasons in Xinjiang.The results indicated that MG and MS pathogen-positive samples were predominantly found in Southern Xinjiang,with significant regional differences(P<0.05).The infection rates of MG and MS were higher in 2023 compared to 2022,indicating an increasing trend over the years(P<0.05).MG infections were more frequently detected in the throat,while MS was more commonly found in joint fluid(P<0.01).Both MG and MS infections exhibited significant seasonality,with higher occurrences observed during winter and spring seasons(P<0.05).Additionally,positive samples from different farms in Southern Xinjiang for MG and MS(XJ1 and XJ3,respectively)and from Northern Xinjiang for MG and MS(XJ2 and XJ4,respectively)were selected for strain isolation and identification.PCR identification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene were performed,followed by phylogenetic analysis.The results showed that isolates XJ1 and XJ2 were consistent with MG characteristics,while isolates XJ3 and XJ4 matched MS characteristics.Phylogenetic trees constructed using MEGA7 software,based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences,indicated that MG isolates from different positive farms shared close genetic relationships and similar genetic backgrounds and origins.In contrast,MS i

关 键 词：鸡毒支原体 滑液囊支原体 16S rRNA 流行病学调查 

分 类 号：S852.62[农业科学—基础兽医学]