民勤县公益林植物多样性与土壤因子的关系  

Relationship between plant diversity and soil factors in public welfare forests in Minqin County

作　　者：赵雪梅 马维伟[1] 张世虎 常文华 李广[1] 赵维军 张玉 ZHAO Xuemei;MA Weiwei;ZHANG Shihu;CHANG Wenhua;LI Guang;ZHAO Weijun;ZHANG Yu(College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Minqin County Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Wuwei 733399,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]民勤县林业和草原局,甘肃武威733399

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2025年第1期108-117,共10页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：甘肃省2024年度重点人才项目;民勤县林业和草原局项目(GSAU-JSFW-2022-123,GSAU-JSFW-2023-197);甘肃省财政专项(GSCZZ 20160909);甘肃省拔尖领军人才项目(GSBJLJ-2023-09)。

摘　　要：以民勤县荒漠区生态公益林中五种典型植物群落沙丘芦苇+芨芨草(Phragmites communis+Achnatherum splendens)、碱蓬+白刺(Suaeda glauca+Nitraria tangutorum)、霸王+白刺(Sarcozygium xanthoxylon+Nitraria tangutorum)、珍珠猪毛菜+梭梭(Salsola passerine+Haloxylon ammodendron)、红砂+梭梭(Reaumuria songarica+Haloxylon ammodendron)为研究对象,通过野外植物群落调查和土壤采样,研究了植物群落结构、植物物种多样性及其与土壤因子之间的关系,结果表明:(1)民勤县荒漠区生态公益林植物物种组成相对简单,仅有10科19属22种,红砂+梭梭群落物种组成相对丰富。红砂+梭梭群落Margalef丰富度指数(R)、Simpson优势度指数(D)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)为5种植物群落中最大,5种群落Pielou均匀度指数(Jsw)范围为0.55~0.99且五种群落之间无显著差异。(2)从5种群落土壤理化性质来看,红砂+梭梭群落土壤容重最小、土壤有机碳含量最高。(3)α多样性指数和土壤因子的关系通过冗余分析(Redundancy Analysis,RDA)发现,土壤容重(SBD)、土壤有机碳(SOC)含量对α多样性的解释率较高,分别为56%、14.3%。因此,红砂+梭梭群落的物种丰富度相对较高,土壤理化性质相对较好,能够改善民勤县荒漠区植被生态,对民勤县荒漠区生态公益林植物群落多样性保护和提高具有积极意义。The five typical plant communities in the ecological public welfare forest in the desert area of Minqin County,namely,Phragmites communis+Achnatherum splendens,Suaeda glauca+Nitraria tangutorum,Sarcozygium xanthoxylon+Nitraria tangutorum,Salsola passerine+Haloxylon ammodendron,Reaumuria songarica+Haloxylon ammodendron as research objects,through the field plant community survey and soil sampling,studied the plant community structure,plant species diversity and its relationship with soil factors,the results show that:(1)Minqin County desert area ecological public welfare forests plant species composition is relatively simple,there are only 10 families,19 genera and 22 species,and the Reaumuria songarica+Haloxylon ammodendron community is relatively rich in species composition.The Margalef richness index(R),Simpson’s dominance index(D),and Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H')of the Reaumuria songarica+Haloxylon ammodendron community were the largest among the five plant communities,and the Pielou evenness index(Jsw)of the five communities ranged from 0.55 to 0.99 with no significant difference among the five communities.(2)In terms of soil physicochemical properties of the five communities,the Reaumuria songarica+Haloxylon ammodendron community had the smallest soil bulk density and the highest soil organic carbon content.(3)The relationship between theα-diversity index and soil factors was found by Redundancy Analysis(RDA)that the soil bulk density(SBD)and soil organic carbon(SOC)content explained a higher percentage ofα-diversity,which were 56%and 14.3%,respectively.Therefore,the Reaumuria songarica+Haloxylon ammodendron community has relatively high species richness and relatively good soil physicochemical properties,which can improve the vegetation ecology in the desert area of Minqin County,and is of positive significance for the protection and enhancement of plant community diversity in the ecological public welfare forests in the desert area of Minqin County.

关 键 词：荒漠植物 物种多样性 土壤因子 民勤县 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]