爆破挤淤法中炸药埋深对土体参数影响的模型试验研究  

Experimental study on explosive deposition depth affecting soil parameters in explosion replacement method

作　　者：王军[1,2,3] 张凯宇 陈晟凯 秦伟 倪俊峰 高紫阳[1,2] 张一帆 WANG Jun;ZHANG Kai-yu;CHEN Sheng-kai;QIN Wei;NI Jun-feng;GAO Zi-yang;ZHANG Yi-fang(College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325035,China;Key Laboratory of Engineering and Technology for Soft Soil Foundation and Tideland Reclamation of Zhejiang Province,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325035,China;Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation for Coastal Soft Soil Foundation,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325035 China;Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Ultra-soft Soil Engineering and Smart Monitoring,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325035 China;Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Traffic Piezoelectric Engineering Technology,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325035 China)

机构地区：[1]温州大学建筑工程学院,浙江温州325035 [2]浙江省软弱土地基与海涂围垦工程技术重点实验室,浙江温州325035 [3]滨海软土地基防灾减灾技术浙江省工程研究中心,浙江温州325035 [4]超软土工程技术与智能化监测浙江省国际科技合作基地,浙江温州325035 [5]温州市交通压电工程技术重点实验室,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《岩土力学》2025年第1期123-132,共10页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金项目(No.52325806);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流(No.W2411045);浙江省自然科学基金公益技术应用研究项目(No.LGF22E080011);温州市基础性科研项目(No.S20210005);温州大学硕士研究生创新基金项目(No.3162024004129)。

摘　　要：爆破挤淤法是厚度15 m以上的软弱土地基有效处理方法之一。为了研究炸药埋深对该方法处理效果的影响,开展了淤泥中爆破的模型试验,利用全自动十字剪切板进行了不排水抗剪强度测试,探讨了炸药埋深对淤泥的不排水抗剪强度、含水率等影响,并利用扫描电镜分别观测了不同炸药埋深下爆破前后土体的微观结构。研究结果表明:爆破会破坏爆点附近的土结构,导致孔隙率增加,不排水抗剪强度骤降,形成爆破扰动区;扰动区以外土体受到挤压导致不排水抗剪强度增加,形成爆破挤密区。爆破后土体含水率下降,爆心距越大下降越显著。炸药埋深为0.3倍淤泥厚度的爆后不排水抗剪强度减小最显著,约27%,扰动区范围最大,约为19.2 d(d为爆点直径),爆破效果最显著。因此,存在爆点最佳埋深,使得爆破效果最好,扰动土体的范围最大;可通过不排水抗剪强度确定爆破扰动范围。研究结果可为相关工程中炸药埋深设计提供技术支持和参考。The explosion replacement method is an effective treatment for weak soil layers exceeding 15 m in thickness.To investigate the effect of explosive deposition depth on treatment efficacy,model tests involving silt blasting were conducted,and vane shear tests were performed using an automatic cross shear apparatus.The effects of explosive deposition depth on the undrained shear strength and water content of silt were examined.Additionally,the soil microstructure before and after blasting at various depths was observed using a scanning electron microscope.The results indicated that blasting disrupted the soil structure around the explosion point,increasing the void ratio and causing a sudden drop in undrained shear strength,thereby forming a blasting disturbance zone.The soil outside the disturbed zone was compacted,resulting in increased undrained shear strength and forming a blast-compacted zone.After blasting,soil water content decreased;the farther from the explosion center,the more significant the decrease.When the explosive deposition depth was 0.3 times the soil layer thickness,the reduction in undrained shear strength was most significant at about 27%,and the disturbed zone was largest at approximately 19.2d(where d is the explosive diameter),making the explosion most effective.Therefore,there exists an optimal deposition depth of the explosive,which makes the best explosion treatment effect and the largest range of disturbed soil.And,the range of blasting disturbance can be determined by undrained shear strength.The results of the study can provide technical support and reference for the design of explosive deposition depth in related projects.

关 键 词：爆破挤淤法 炸药埋深 十字板剪切试验 不排水抗剪强度 含水率 孔隙比 

分 类 号：TU453[建筑科学—岩土工程]