黄土丘陵沟壑区粉砂壤土崩解性能变化及其影响因子试验研究——以王茂沟小流域为例  

Experimental study on the change and influencing factors of the disintegration performance of silty loam soil in loess hilly and gully region:a case study of Wangmaogou small watershed

作　　者：张思靖 马建业 李占斌[1] 李鹏[1,2] 陈亚军 吕小永 李海波 代启安 ZHANG Sijing;MA Jianye;LI Zhanbin;LI Peng;CHEN Yajun;LÜXiaoyong;LI Haibo;DAI Qi′an(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi′an University of Technology,Xi′an 710048,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry Administration on Ecological Hydrology and Disaster Prevention in Arid Regions,Xi′an University of Technology,Xi′an University of Technology,Xi′an 710048,China;China Nonferrous Metal Industry Xi′an Survey and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710061,China;Luanchuan County Longyu Molybdenum Industry Co.,Ltd.,Luoyang 471500,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,西安710048 [2]西安理工大学旱区生态水文与灾害防治国家林业局重点实验室,西安710048 [3]中国有色金属工业西安勘察设计研究院有限公司,西安710061 [4]栾川龙宇钼业有限公司,洛阳471500

出　　处：《生态学报》2025年第1期91-102,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42307452,42330719,U2040208);教师博士科研启动经费(451124007)。

摘　　要：土壤崩解是土壤可蚀性的重要表征指标,在阐明土壤侵蚀机理和构建侵蚀模型方面起着重要作用。尽管目前有关植物根系对土壤崩解的研究取得了一定的进展,但是土壤崩解受到根系和土壤理化性质的双重影响,而有关根系和土壤理化性质对土壤崩解的协同作用仍缺乏深入量化研究。以王茂沟小流域5个土地利用下的原状土样作为研究对象,基于崩解试验测定土壤崩解参数,并分析其与根系和土壤理化性质的相关性及主控因子,量化土壤崩解的变化机制,得到如下结论:(1)综合崩解速率、崩解比速率和崩解量三个崩解指标,不同土地利用下,土壤的崩解性均呈现出草地<坡耕地<梯田<果园<坝地;(2)利用VPA分析和偏最小二乘路径分析,解释了土壤理化性质和根系特征及其协同作用对土壤崩解性的贡献并分析其量化关系。结果表明,含根土体中,根系对土壤崩解的直接效应强于间接效应,其直接贡献为16%,较土壤理化性质(16.4%)偏低,但较两者的协同效应偏高62.5%。不同土地利用下,土壤崩解性能的变化主要以土壤理化性质直接影响为主;(3)Spearman相关分析和RDA分析表明,与土壤崩解相关性最高的根系因子为RLD,土壤因子为粉粒,所有环境因子中以RLD的效应最强。不同土地利用下,影响土壤崩解性能的主控因子也存在差异。研究结果可为黄土丘陵沟壑区生态建设条件下的土壤崩解研究和侵蚀机理的解析提供参考,对于黄土高原生态脆弱区的生态修复和生态功能的维持具有重要意义。Soil disintegration serves as a crucial indicator of soil erosion erodibility,significantly informing the elucidating of soil erosion mechanisms and the development of erosion models.Despite advancements in research regarding the impact of plant root on soil disintegration,the process is subject to dual influences from both root systems and soil physicochemical properties.However,comprehensive quantitative studies on the synergistic effects of these factors on soil disintegration remains elusive.This study utilized undisturbed soil samples under five different land use patterns within the Wangmaogou watershed as the research object.By conducting disintegration experiments,the soil disintegration parameters are determined.The analysis was conducted to explore the correlation and identify significant factors influencing these parameters in relation to root systems and soil physicochemical properties.Eventually,this quantitative approach aimed to elucidate the mechanisms driving changes in soil disintegration.The findings revealed the following conclusions:(1)The comprehensive analysis of disintegration rate,disintegration ratio rate,and the amount of disintegration revealed a distinct trend in soil vulnerability across land use patterns.grasslands exhibited the lowest degree of disintegration,followed by sloping arable land,then terraced fields,with orchards demonstrating greater disintegration characteristics,and dam lands showing the highest degree of disintegration.(2)Using soil physicochemical properties and root characteristics as categorical variables,this study utilized variance partitioning analysis(VPA)and partial least squares path analysis(PLS⁃PM)to explicate the contributions of soil physicochemical properties and root characteristics,along with their synergistic effects on soil disintegration.The quantitative relationships among these factors were also analyzed.Findings revealed that within root⁃laden soil,the direct effect of roots on soil disintegration surpassed the indirect effects,accounting f

关 键 词：黄土丘陵沟壑区 不同土地利用 植物根系 土壤理化性质 土壤崩解 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]