支撑各向异性条件下转子不平衡辨识方法  

Identification of rotor imbalance under anisotropic support conditions

作　　者：张帅 王维民 李维博[1] 王珈乐 王威 ZHANG Shuai;WANG WeiMin;LI WeiBo;WANG JiaLe;WANG Wei(Beijing Key Laboratory of Health Monitoring and Self-Recovery for High-End Mechanical Equipment;State Key Laboratory of High-end Compressor and System Technology,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学高端机械装备健康监控与自愈化北京市重点实验室,北京100029 [2]北京化工大学高端压缩机及系统技术全国重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《北京化工大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期103-112,共10页Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(92160203);联合基金项目(U1808214)。

摘　　要：针对因转子支撑刚性存在差异导致振动矢量受传感器安装角度的影响,进而使得动平衡效果存在差异的问题,将测点正交方向上两传感器采集得到的时域数据基于Hilbert变换进行转子振动信号的正反进动分量的分离,并采用互相关法提取正进动分量的幅值和相位,从而实现转子不平衡矢量的测算。基于所提方法通过数值仿真和实验分析对不同转子进行分析验证,仿真结果表明基于所提方法采用多平面多转速动平衡后,平衡转速范围内轴承支承位置残余振动低于使用单方向传感器动平衡后的残余振动;挠性转子实验结果表明采用所提方法进行动平衡后,临界转速下残余振动低于使用单方向传感器动平衡后的残余振动;刚性转子实验结果表明采用所提方法进行动平衡并除去慢滚动矢量的影响后,实验转子测点位置以不平衡为主的振动幅值至少下降54.17%,而单X和单Y方向测点分别进行动平衡后相应测点幅值下降37.50%和33.33%。综上可知,本文方法可提高动平衡精度,具有一定的工程应用价值。When there is a difference in the rigidity of a rotor support,the vibration vector is affected by the mount-ing angle of the sensor,resulting in a difference in the dynamic balancing effect.By separating the time-domain data collected by two sensors in the direction orthogonal to the measurement point,the forward and backward pre-cession components of the rotor vibration signal can be separated based on the Hilbert transform,and the amplitude and phase of the forward component can be extracted by using the cross-correlation method,so as to realize the measurement of the rotor imbalance vector.Based on this method,different rotors have been analyzed and the results verified by numerical simulation and experimental analysis.The simulation results show that the residual vibration at the bearing support position within the balanced speed range with our new method using multi-plane and multi-speed dynamic balancing is lower than that obtained after balancing with a single-direction sensor.The experimental results for a flexible rotor indicate that after using our new method for dynamic balancing,the residual vibration at critical speed is lower than that after using a single direction sensor for dynamic balancing.The results of the rigid rotor experiment show that after using this method for dynamic balancing and removing the influence of slow rolling vector,the vibration amplitude of the test rotor measurement point mainly due to imbalance decreases by at least 54.17%,while the corresponding measurement point amplitudes at single X and single Y direction mea-surement points decrease by 37.50%and 33.33%,respectively,after dynamic balancing.In summary,the pro-posed method can improve the accuracy of dynamic balancing and should have valuable engineering applications.

关 键 词：转子动平衡 正进动分解 慢滚动补偿 互相关算法 最小二乘影响系数法 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TH113.2