某汽车发罩外板零件冲压开裂原因分析及治理研究  

Research on the cause and treatment of stamping cracking of an automobile hood outer plate

作　　者：朱华宇 郑艺侃 钟培智 张强 梁程华[3] ZHU Huayu;ZHENG Yikan;ZHONG Peizhi;ZHANG Qiang;LIANG Chenghua(Liuzhou Wuling Automotive Co.,Ltd.,Liuzhou 545007,China;School of Automation,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou 545616,China;School of Electronic Engineering,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou 545616,China)

机构地区：[1]柳州五菱汽车工业有限公司,广西柳州545007 [2]广西科技大学自动化学院,广西柳州545616 [3]广西科技大学电子工程学院,广西柳州545616

出　　处：《广西科技大学学报》2025年第1期15-21,46,共8页Journal of Guangxi University of Science and Technology

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB22035044)资助。

摘　　要：针对某汽车发罩外板冲压开裂问题,采用电子拉伸试验机、体视显微镜、金相显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱分析仪等设备对材料的力学性能、成分组织进行检测,采用AUTOFORM冲压成形仿真软件分析模具圆角半径、表面摩擦系数等因素对零件成形效果的影响。结果表明,材料性能优良,但零件成形开裂的主要原因是对应部位的模具上下棱线圆角半径偏小、模具表面摩擦系数较大。通过打磨光滑模具上下棱线圆角、对模具表面进行镀铬处理等措施,降低了材料流动阻力,材料变形更加均匀,使该汽车发罩外板零件冲压开裂问题得到了解决。To solve the stamping cracking problem of an automobile hood outer plate,the mechanical properties and the compositional structure of the material were tested by the electronic tensile testing machine,stereomicroscope,metallurgical microscope,scanning electron microscope and spectral analyzer.AUTOFORM stamping simulation software was used to analyze the influence of die radius,surface friction coefficient and other factors on the forming effect of the parts.The results show that the material performance is excellent,and the main reasons for cracking are the small radius of the upper and lower prongs of the mold and the high friction coefficient of the mold surface.By grinding and smoothing the upper and lower corners of the mold,chrome-plating the surface of the mold and other measures,the material flow resistance was reduced,and the material deformation became more uniform,thereby solving the stamping cracking problem of the automobile hood outer plate.

关 键 词：发罩外板 力学性能 微观组织 模具圆角半径 摩擦系数 

分 类 号：TG386[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工] U463.832[机械工程—车辆工程]