单向集中进流竖井式溢洪道环形堰堰顶流态研究  

Study on Flow Pattern at Ring Weir Crest of Shaft Spillway with One-Way Concentrated Inflow

作　　者：汪李艳 李跃涛[1] 刘锦[1] 王春娟 喻晓 WANG Liyan;LI Yuetao;LIU Jin;WANG Chunjuan;YU Xiao(PowerChina Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited,Xi'an 710065,China;Shaanxi Water Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,西安710065 [2]陕西省水务集团有限公司,西安710065

出　　处：《西北水电》2024年第6期101-108,共8页Northwest Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51679262).

摘　　要：对于主流为单向集中进流的竖井式溢洪道,环形堰堰顶旋流和跌流两种流态交替出现。旋流的存在导致环形堰泄流能力较设计降低36%左右。为消除环形堰堰顶旋流,提高环形堰泄流能力,以某抽水蓄能工程上水库竖井式溢洪道为例,采用水工模型试验方法,在环形堰外侧对称布置多种不同长度(7.5、5、3 m)、高度(1、0.5 m)和夹角(140°、180°)的组合型式的导流坎,并对比分析各种组合下环形堰堰顶水流的流态、流速及压力情况。结果表明:在环形堰两侧增加导流坎后,堰顶水流由旋流转换为跌流,水流自由跌落入井,环形堰流量系数试验取值由0.08~0.37增大至0.416~0.461,可有效提高环形堰泄流能力,最终提出将高度0.5 m、长度3 m及夹角140°的导流坎作为最优解决方案。研究成果可为类似工程提供参考。For the shaft spillway with one-way concentrated inflow,the two flow patterns of vortex flow and drop flow appear alternately at the crest of the ring weir.The existence of vortex flow causes the discharge capacity of the ring weir to be reduced by about 36%compared with the designed capacity.In order to eliminate the vortex flow at the top of the ring weir and improve the discharge capacity of the ring weir,taking a vertical shaft spillway of a reservoir in a pumped storage project as an example,the paper adopts hydraulic model test method to symmetrically arrange diversion sills of various lengths(7.5、5、3 m),heights(1、0.5m)and angles(140°、180°)on the outside of the ring weir.The flow pattern,flow velocity and pressure of the water flow at the crest of the ring weir under various combinations are compared and analyzed.The results show that after adding diversion sills on both sides of the ring weir,the water flow at the top of the weir is converted from vortex flow to drop flow,and the water flow falls freely into the shaft.The test value of the ring weir discharge coefficient m increases from 0.08~0.37 to 0.416~0.461,which can effectively improve the discharge capacity of the ring weir.Finally,a diversion sill with a height of 0.5m,a length of 3m and an angle of 140°is proposed as the optimal solution.The results provide a reference for the design of similar projects.

关 键 词：环形堰 跌流 旋流 导流坎 

分 类 号：TV651.3[水利工程—水利水电工程]