《民法典》背景下主动承担赡养责任的丧偶媳婿遗产利益获取规则重构  

Reconstruction of the Right to Obtain Inheritance Interests for Widowed Daughters-in-Law and Sons-in-Law Taking the Initiative to Undertake Maintenance Obligations under the Background of the Civil Code

作　　者：金龙鑫 JIN Long-xin(Shen Junru Law School,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,311121)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学沈钧儒法学院,浙江杭州311121

出　　处：《韩山师范学院学报》2025年第1期79-86,共8页Journal of Hanshan Normal University

摘　　要：现行《民法典》沿用原《继承法》的条款,将尽了主要赡养义务的丧偶媳婿作为第一顺序的法定继承人。但从实施该条款的安全性、公平性及时代背景来考虑,当前再沿用传统的做法将会产生一定的隐患。媳婿作为姻亲,在丧偶后,婚姻关系即告终结,其本应排除在继承体系之外,沿用原规定,将有可能造成丧偶媳婿因多次结婚并丧偶而获得多个家庭的第一顺序继承人身份、对其他继承人造成不公平的现象,不利于社会的稳定和法治的良好运行。可考虑在现有体系下,将丧偶媳婿主动承担赡养责任的行为分类,从无因管理和遗赠扶养两方面来综合设置丧偶媳婿获得被继承人遗产的规则。The current Civil Code follows the provisions of the original Inheritance Law,which designates a widowed daughter-in-law or son-in-law who has fulfilled their main maintenance obliga-tion of providing for the elderly as the first-in-line legal heir.However,considering the safety,fair-ness,and historical context of implementing this provision,continuing to follow the traditional ap-proach may lead to certain risks.As a member of the family through marriage,the son-in-law’s or daughter-in-law’s marital relationship ends upon the death of their spouse,and they should have been excluded from the inheritance system.Following the original provisions may result in a widowed son-in-law or daughter-in-law remarrying multiple times to obtain first-in-line heir status,which is unfair to other heirs and detrimental to social stability and the smooth operation of the rule of law.It is suggested to classify the widowed son-in-law’s and daughter-in-law’s active maintenance obliga-tions for providing for the elderly as an act of both gratuitous management and inheritance support,and establish a comprehensive set of rules for how they can obtain the deceased’s inheritance from both aspects.

关 键 词：丧偶媳婿 继承人 赡养 遗产利益 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]