浅析安徽省展览类圈养动物丰容缺失与策略  

Preliminary Analysis on and Strategies for the Enrichment Loss of Captive Exhibiting Animals in Anhui Province

作　　者：刘嵩 LIU Song(Anhui General Station of Wildlife Monitoring of Epidemic Sources and Diseases,Hefei 230088,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省野生动物疫源疫病监测总站,安徽合肥230088

出　　处：《安徽林业科技》2024年第6期11-14,20,共5页Anhui Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：本文采用文献调查法和实地调查法,分析了展览类圈养动物人工圈养条件下的丰容策略及福利保障措施。结果表明,发表量≥10篇的年份(2014—2023年)中,总发表论文数量有196篇,累积统计涉及丰容类型表述222个,可分为五种丰容类型,分别是环境丰容112个(50.5%)、食物丰容42个(18.9%)、社群丰容33个(14.9%)、感知丰容23个(10.4%)、认知丰容12个(5.0%),其中以环境丰容和食物丰容占绝对优势154个(近70.0%);丰容物种以灵长类居多;丰容材料主要为:绿植、固型、仿造、栖架、垫材、遮庇、玩具、刺激物(听觉、视觉、行动训练)及设备仪器辅助等。在调查的基础上,提出不同类别动物园的“近自然式”丰容方式、丰容内容的构件与材料,并建议林业主管部门采取综合考量管理目标、制定相应的政策措施等,保障提升圈养野生动物的福利水平。In this paper,literature survey and field survey were adopted to analyse the enrichment strategies and welfare measures of exhibiting animals in captivity.The results showed that 196 papers were published from 2014 to 2023 with an annual publication vol-ume of more than 10,an accumulated enrichment type expressions of 222 was counted into 5 enrichment types,including 112 expres-sions of environmental enrichment(50.5%),42 ones of food enrichment(18.9%),33 ones of social enrichment(14.9%),23 ones of per-ceptive enrichment(10.4%)and 12 ones of cognitive enrichment(5.0%),among which the dominant expressions were the environmen-tal enrichment and food enrichment ones with a combined number of 154(nearly 70.0%).The enrichment species were mostly primates and the main enrichment materials were green plants,ecological animal specimens,animal imitations,perches,cushion material,shel-ters,toys,stimuli(auditory,visual,action training)and equipment and instruments.Based on the survey,near-natural enrichment form and components and materials of enrichment contents of different types of zoos were put forward,and it is also suggested that compre-hensive consideration of management objectives should be taken and corresponding policies and measures should be formulated by for-estry administrative departments to ensure and improve the welfare level of captive animals.

关 键 词：圈养动物 丰容技术 “近自然式” 规范化管理 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]