灌水频率对生物炭改良盐渍土水盐运移的影响  

Effects of Irrigation Frequency on Water and Salt Transport of Saline Soil Improved by Biochar

作　　者：朱昌欣 庞桂斌 王天宇 蔡晨阳 余静 于浩洋 潘维艳 ZHU Changxin;PANG Guibin;WANG Tianyu;CAI Chenyang;YU Jing;YU Haoyang;PAN Weiyan(School of Water Conservancy and Environment,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学水利与环境学院,山东济南250022

出　　处：《济南大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期1-10,共10页Journal of University of Jinan(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42307083);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0800601);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020ME255)。

摘　　要：为了探究灌水频率与生物炭施用对滨海盐渍土水盐运移特征的调控效应,采用室内土柱模拟试验,以滨海盐渍土为供试土壤,在土壤表层(深度为0~20 cm)设置不同的生物炭施用量和灌水频率,组合成9个处理方案,研究灌水频率对生物炭改良盐渍土水盐运移的影响。结果表明:生物炭能提高单次灌水入渗速率,有效缩短累积水分入渗时间,提高表层土壤含水率,并能使土壤容重减小,表层土壤pH有所增加;当灌水频率为中频时,表层土壤含水率增加14.17~18.87个百分点,表层土壤脱盐率为66.39%~86.31%,脱盐深度相对更深;当灌水频率为低频、中频时,施用一定量的生物炭有利于土壤盐分淋洗,表层土壤脱盐率提高9.99~15.62个百分点;每8 d灌水1次的灌水频率和生物炭施用量为5 g/kg的处理方案能够显著改善滨海盐渍土的水盐分布。To investigate the regulatory effects of irrigation frequency and biochar application on the water and salt transport characteristics of coastal saline soils,an indoor soil column simulation experiment was conducted using coastal saline soils as the test soil,different biochar application rates and irrigation frequencies in the surface soil layer(depth of 0-20 cm)were set to combine into nine treatment schemes for studing the effects of irrigation frequencies on water and salt transport of biochar improved saline soil.The results show that biochar can increase the infiltration rate of single irrigation,effectively shorten the cumulative water infiltration time,increase the surface soil moisture content,reduce the soil bulk density,and increase the surface soil pH.When the irrigation frequency is medium,the surface soil moisture content increases by 14.17-18.87 percentage points,the surface soil desalination rate is 66.39%-86.31%,and the desalination depth is relatively deeper.When the irrigation frequency is low and medium,the application of a certain amount of biochar is beneficial to soil salt leaching,and the desalination rate of surface soil increases by 9.99-15.62 percentage points.The treatment scheme of irrigation frequency every 8 days and biochar application rate of 5 g/kg can significantly improve the water and salt distribution of coastal saline soil.

关 键 词：盐渍土 生物炭 灌水频率 水盐运移 脱盐率 

分 类 号：S278[农业科学—农业水土工程]