亚低温对樱桃番茄生长和花序的影响  

Effects of Sub-low Temperature on Growth and Inflorescence of Cherry Tomato

作　　者：赵云霞[1] 黄玲丹 韩道杰 杨冬艳[1] 颜秀娟[1] ZHAO Yun-xia;HUANG Ling-dan;HAN Dao-jie(Institute of Horticulture,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;Xingqing District Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;Ningxia Ruichen Agricultural Technology Development Limited Company,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]银川市兴庆区农业技术推广中心,宁夏银川750002 [3]宁夏瑞晨农业科技有限公司,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2025年第2期46-49,108,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2021BBF03004);农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目(NGSB-2021-8-01);2022年青年拔尖人才项目和2021年宁夏回族自治区科技创新领军人才项目(2021GKLRX11)。

摘　　要：以樱桃番茄2叶1心(第3片叶展开时)的幼苗放入人工气候箱模拟亚低温环境,研究亚低温对樱桃番茄苗期植株生长和苗期亚低温对樱桃番茄花芽分化和花序形成的影响,以期为樱桃番茄苗期管理和优化花芽分化提供理论依据和实践指导。结果表明,亚低温处理的樱桃番茄幼苗株高、茎粗、叶面积、叶长、叶宽、根系长度、根系表面积、根系体积、根尖数与对照差异显著,增长幅度均比对照小,幼苗生长缓慢,干物质积累量少,叶绿素含量降低,PSⅡ最大光化学效率降低,抑制樱桃番茄幼苗的生长发育;苗期亚低温影响第1、2、3穗花芽分化,致使花芽分化延后、花序数量增加,改变花序的分蘖能力,始花期推迟12 d,第2穗开花时间推迟8 d,第3穗开花时间推迟4 d,主要影响第1花序数量,亚低温胁迫影响樱桃番茄花芽分化和花序形成。The seedlings of cherry tomato with two leaveSand one heart(when the third leaf iSexpanded)were placed in an artificial climate chamber to simulate the sub-low temperature environment.The effects of sub-low temperature on the growth of cherry tomato seedlingSand the effects of sub-low temperature on flower bud differentiation and inflorescence formation of cherry tomato seedlingSwere studied in order to provide theoretical basiSand practical guidance for the management and optimization of flower bud differentiation of cherry tomato seedlings.The resultSshowed that the plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,leaf length,leaf width,root length,root surface area,root volume and root tip number of cherry tomato seedlingStreated with sub-low temperature were significantly different from those of the control.The growth rate waSsmaller than that of the control,the seedling growth waSslow,the dry matter accumulation waSless,the chlorophyll content waSreduced,the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII waSreduced,and the growth and development of cherry tomato seedlingSwere inhibited.The sub-low temperature at seedling stage affected the flower bud differentiation of the first,second and third spikes,resulting in the delay of flower bud differentiation,the increase of inflorescence number and the change of tiller ability of inflorescence.The initial flowering stage waSdelayed by 12 days,the flowering time of the second spike waSdelayed by 8 days,and the flowering time of the third spike waSdelayed by 4 days,which mainly affected the number of the first inflorescence.Sub-low temperature stresSaffected flower bud differentiation and inflorescence formation of cherry tomato.

关 键 词：樱桃番茄 亚低温 生长 花序 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]