聚氨酯泡沫敷料对下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者足跟部压疮的防治效果  

The efficacy of polyurethane foam dressings on heel pressure ulcers in patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterations

作　　者：段荣莉 周珊珊 桂亮 姜海英 柏小丹 DUAN Rongi;ZHOU Shanshan;GUI Liang;JIANG Haiying;BAI Xiaodan(Department of General vascular surgery,JiangSu Province Hospital/The First Afiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省人民医院/南京医科大学第一附属医院/江苏省妇幼保健院普外血管外科,南京210003

出　　处：《实用皮肤病学杂志》2024年第6期370-374,共5页Journal of Practical Dermatology

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金第73批面上资助项目(2023M731408);江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20230731)。

摘　　要：目的观察聚氨酯泡沫敷料对下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)患者足跟部压疮的防治效果。方法选择2023年5月至2023年12月江苏省人民医院普外血管外科住院治疗的下肢ASO患者100例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组在对照组护理基础上联合对患者足跟部、足踝两侧受力部位贴敷聚氨酯泡沫敷料,2组患者均连续干预8周。比较2组干预前后Braden量表评分及生活质量,统计并比较2组压疮发生率及分期情况,统计2组患者住院期间不良事件(如感染、截肢、下肢缺血坏死)发生情况。结果干预前,2组Braden量表评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,2组Braden量表评分均高于本组干预前(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组压疮发生率4.00%(2/50),对照组压疮发生率16.00%(8/50),2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.000,P=0.046)。对照组压疮分期显著高于观察组(P<0.05)。干预前,2组生活质量不同维度评分和总评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,2组生活质量不同维度评分和总评分均较本组干预前显著提升(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预过程中观察组患者未出现下肢缺血坏死、感染、截肢甚至死亡等不良事件;对照组不良事件发生率为12.00%(6/50),观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论聚氨酯泡沫敷料可以有效改善下肢ASO患者足跟及足踝部受力情况,降低压疮发生率,且具有较高的安全性。Objective To observe the effect of polyurethane foam dressing on the prevention and treatment of heel pressure ulcers in patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterations(ASO).Methods A total of 100 patients with ASO were incorporated into this study and divided into the experimental group and the control group according to random number table method,with 50 cases in each group.The routine vascular surgery care was provided to both groups for a total duration of 8 weeks following admission.In addition,the patients in experimental group were treated with polyurethane foam dressings on the heels and ankles.The Braden scores and patient's quality of life were then compared between two groups both before and after the intervention.The incidence,staging pressure ulcers and adverse events,such as infection,amputation and ischemic necrosis,were further compared between two groups.Results There was no statistically significant difference in Braden scores between two groups prior to the intervention(P>0.05).However,following the intervention,both groups showed a significant increase in Braden scores(P<0.05),and the increase in the experimental group was significantly greater than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of pressure ulcers in the experimental group was 4.00%(2/50),compared to 16.00%(8/50)in the control group(P<0.05).The severity of pressure ulcers in patients,as assessed by staging criteria,was significantly higher in the control group compared to the experimental group(P<0.05).Before the intervention,no significant differences in patient's quality of life was observed between two groups(P>0.05).However,following the intervention,both groups showed a significant increase in patient's quality of life(P<0.05),with a more pronounced increase observed in the the experimental group compared to the control group(P<0.05).During the intervention process,no adverse events were observed in patients in the experimental group,whereas the control group experienced an incidence rate of 12.00%(6/50)(P<0

关 键 词：下肢动脉硬化闭塞症 泡沫敷料 压疮 不良事件 

分 类 号：R543.5[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R364.16[医药卫生—内科学]