人体抛距模型适用条件及PC-Crash仿真实验验证  

Applicable Conditions for Human Body Throwing Distance Model and PC-Crash Simulation Experiment Verification

作　　者：何烈云[1] 王腾煜 潘彦 项悦 HE Lieyun;WANG Tengyu;PAN Yan;XIANG Yue(School of Traffic Management Engineering,Zhejiang Police College,Hangzhou 310053,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江警察学院交通管理工程系,浙江杭州310035

出　　处：《中国人民公安大学学报(自然科学版)》2024年第4期70-76,共7页Journal of People’s Public Security University of China(Science and Technology)

摘　　要：典型汽车碰撞行人交通事故中,行人在空中运动形态可分为平抛运动和斜抛运动,为探究现行国家标准中人体抛距模型在事故车速计算中的适用条件,运用抛体运动学基本原理构建了行人平抛及斜抛抛距模型,采用MATLAB数值分析法,得出行人作平抛和斜抛运动具有相同抛距时,斜抛运动的理论抛射角。在此基础上,采用PC-Crash仿真模拟实验,建立行人多刚体模型,得到轿车在不同速度下,行人被碰撞后的抛距和抛射角的仿真实验值,并与理论计算值进行了对比分析。研究表明,使用现行国家标准中汽车碰撞行人抛距模型,鉴定轿车与行人碰撞交通事故时的轿车速度,仅在车辆低速或高速行驶时近似适用,因此在轿车碰撞行人交通事故鉴定实践中需谨慎。In typical automobile-pedestrian collision accidents,the movement of pedestrians in the air can be divided into horizontal throw motion and oblique throw motion.To explore the applicable conditions of the human body throwing distance model in the calculation of accident speed in the current national standard,the throwing distance models of horizontal throw and oblique throw were constructed based on the basic principles of projectile kinematics.The MATLAB numerical analysis method was adopted to obtain the theoretical throwing angle of the oblique throw motion when pedestrians perform horizontal throw and oblique throw motions with the same throwing distance.On this basis,the PC-Crash simulation experiments were conducted to establish a multi-rigid body model of pedestrians,and the simulated experimental values of the throwing angle and distance of pedestrians were obtained after collision with cars at different speeds.These simulated values were compared and analyzed with theoretical calculation values.The study showed that the automobile-pedestrian throwing distance model in current national standard was only approximately applicable in low-speed or high-speed ranges for identifying car speeds in automobile-pedestrian collision accidents.Therefore,caution should be exercised in the practical identification of automobile-pedestrian collision accidents.

关 键 词：交通安全执法技术 交通事故车速鉴定 轿车行人碰撞事故 抛距模型 PC-Crash仿真实验 

分 类 号：D035.37[政治法律—政治学]