云冈石窟第1、2窟内壁面浮雕塔的雕刻年代  

The Carving Age of theWall Relief Pagodas of Cave 1 and 2 in Yungang Grottoes

作　　者：曹彦 CAO Yan(School of Archaeology and Museology,Shanxi University,Taiyuan Shanxi,030006;Yungang Academy,Datong Shanxi,037004)

机构地区：[1]山西大学考古文博学院,山西太原030006 [2]云冈研究院,山西大同037004

出　　处：《云冈研究》2024年第3期10-17,共8页Yungang Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金特别委托项目“云冈石窟多元一体中华民族交融研究”(21@ZH029)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：第1、2窟是云冈石窟最东端的一组双窟,第1、2窟东、西壁的楼阁式、层柱式、覆钵式佛塔的雕刻时间,学术界传统认为在孝文帝迁都洛阳以前。我们根据相邻洞窟风格相类似及楼阁式佛塔等出现的新特征,对这些壁面浮雕塔的雕刻年代进行重新推断,认为第1、2窟东、西壁的楼阁式、层柱式、覆钵式佛塔的雕刻时间在云冈晚期阶段,即太和十八年(494年)迁都洛阳以后,而第1窟北壁的层柱式佛塔的雕刻年代至少在太和十三年(489年)以后,即孝文帝迁都洛阳前后。Cave 1 and Cave 2 are the easternmost twin caves in the Yungang Grottoes.The carving time of the tower style,layered column style,and bowl style Buddhist pagodas on the east and west walls of the two caves is traditionally believed to be before Emperor Xiaowen moved the capital to Luoyang.Based on the similar styles of adjacent caves and the emergence of new features such as tower style Buddhist pagodas,the carving age of these wall relief pagodas has been re-inferred.The carving age of the tower style,layered column style,and bowl style Buddhist pagodas on the east and west walls of Cave 1 and Cave 2 dates back to the late Yungang period after the capital was relocated to Luoyang in the 18th year of Taihe(494 AD),while the carving age of the layered column style Buddhist pagoda on the north wall of Cave 1 dates back to at least the 13th year of Taihe(489AD)around the year Emperor Xiaowen moved the capital to Luoyang.

关 键 词：云冈石窟 浮雕佛塔 雕刻年代 

分 类 号：K879.22[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]