频谱能量增强的IEWT滚动轴承故障诊断方法  

A Fault Diagnosis Method for Rolling Bearings of Improved Empirical Wavelet Transform Method Based on Spectral Energy Enhancement

作　　者：古莹奎[1] 李成[1] 吴宽 GU Yingkui;LI Cheng;WU Kuan(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Jiangxi Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学机电工程学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2025年第1期70-74,81,共6页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61963018)。

摘　　要：尺度空间方法的经验小波变换(EWT)在滚动轴承故障诊断中容易出现共振频带过度分割、频带破裂,导致故障诊断失败。为此,提出频谱增强的改进经验小波滚动轴承故障诊断方法。首先,将Teager能量算子引入信号频谱,利用能量算子能够追踪并增强信号瞬时成分能量的特点,对信号频谱瞬时冲击进行能量增强,减小噪声对信号频谱的影响;其次,对能量增强后频谱进行频带极大值包络的改进经验小波变换(IEWT)分解,得到一系列固有模态;最后,对裕度因子最大的固有模态进行包络解调分析,提取轴承故障特征。分析结果表明,所提方法能够增强故障引起的瞬态冲击成分,减少噪声对频谱分割的影响,有效地避免共振频带的过度分割导致的频带破裂。The empirical wavelet transform(EWT)based on the scale space method is easy to cause the fault diagnosis failure of rolling bearing due to the excessive segmentation of resonance frequency band and frequency band rupture.Therefore,an im⁃proved empirical wavelet fault diagnosis method based on spectrum enhancement was proposed.Firstly,the Teager energy opera⁃tor is introduced into the signal spectrum,which can track and enhance the instantaneous component energy of the signal to en⁃hance the energy of the instantaneous impact of the signal spectrum,and reduce the impact of noise on the signal spectrum.Sec⁃ondly,the enhanced spectrum is decomposed by improved empirical wavelet transform(IEWT)to obtain a series of inherent modes.Finally,the intrinsic mode with the largest margin factor is analyzed by envelope demodulation to extract bearing fault characteristics.The analysis results show that the proposed method can enhance the transient impact component caused by faults,reduce the influence of noise on spectrum segmentation,and effectively avoid the frequency band rupture caused by over-segmen⁃tation of resonance frequency band.

关 键 词：频谱能量增强 改进经验小波变换 TEAGER能量算子 滚动轴承 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH165.3TH133.3