四川省妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置城乡差异分析——基于基尼系数和集聚度  

Analysis on urban-rural difference of health resource allocation in maternal and child health institutions in Sichuan province based on Gini coefficient and agglomeration degree

作　　者：伯贞艳 姜雨欣 邹锟 李海龙 曾力楠[1,2,3,4] 唐永[6] 赵邵阳 蒋永穆 张伶俐 BO Zhenyan;JIANG Yuxin;ZOU Kun;LI Hailong;ZENG Linan;TANG Yong;ZHAO Shaoyang;JIANG Yongmu;ZHANG Lingli(Department of Pharmacy,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China;Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China;NMPA Key Laboratory for Technical Research on Drug Products in vitro and in vivo Correlation,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children,Sichuan University,Ministry of Education,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China;School of Mathematics,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China;School of Economics,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China;Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西第二医院药学部,成都610041 [2]四川大学华西第二医院循证药学中心,成都610041 [3]国家药品监督管理局药物制剂体内外相关性技术研究重点实验室,成都610041 [4]出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室,成都610041 [5]四川大学数学学院,成都610041 [6]四川大学经济学院,成都610041 [7]四川大学华西医院中国循证医学中心,成都610041

出　　处：《中国循证医学杂志》2025年第1期42-49,共8页Chinese Journal of Evidence-based Medicine

基　　金：四川大学医学交叉重点项目(编号:202207);四川大学社会科学基金(编号:2022skzx-pt63);四川大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(编号:SCU2022D006)。

摘　　要：目的分析四川省2013—2021年妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置城乡差异,为优化全省妇幼保健卫生资源配置提供参考依据。方法本研究基于2013—2016年《四川省卫生和计划生育统计年鉴》和2017—2021年《四川卫生健康统计年鉴》,以及2013—2021年《中国城市统计年鉴》和《四川统计年鉴》相关数据,采用基尼系数、卫生资源集聚度分析妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置公平性。结果四川省农村地区每万人口妇幼保健机构数高于城市地区,但每万人口床位数和卫生人员数均低于城市地区。从基于人口的基尼系数来看,四川省各类妇幼保健机构卫生资源的基尼系数均低于0.4,表明公平性较好。城市地区妇幼保健机构数和卫生人员数的基尼系数均低于农村地区,而床位数的基尼系数比农村地区高。从卫生资源集聚度与人口集聚度差值来看,四川省各市(州)妇幼保健机构卫生资源的人口可及性存在较大差异;部分地区表现为相对过剩,而其他地区却相对不足,且在各市(州)内部的城乡之间也存在差异。结论四川省妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置存在明显的城乡差异和区域差异,卫生决策部门在规划妇幼保健机构卫生资源时,要根据地区实际需求,综合考虑人口、地理面积和服务半径等社会因素,合理配置妇幼保健卫生资源。Objective To analyze and compare the urban-rural difference of health resource allocation of maternal and child health institutions in Sichuan province.Methods Gini coefficient and agglomeration degree was used to analyze the equity of health resource allocation of maternal and child health institutions in Sichuan province.Results The number of maternal and child health institutions per 10000 population in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas,while the hospital beds and health workers per 10000 population was lower.In terms of population-based Gini coefficient,the value of three type of health resources of maternal and child health institutions in Sichuan Province were lower than 0.4,indicating a good equity,however,the value of institutions and health workers in urban areas were lower than those in rural areas,the value of hospital beds were higher than those in rural areas.In terms of the difference between HRAD and PAD,there were great differences in the population-based accessibility of health resources of maternal and child health institutions in Sichuan province,relative excess and relative deficiency coexisted in different city(state).Moreover,there were differences in population-based accessibility to health resources of maternal and child health institutions between urban and rural areas in each city(state).Conclusion There are obvious urban-rural and regional differences in health resources allocation of maternal and child health institutions in Sichuan province.Social factors such as population,geographical area and service radius should be comprehensively considered according to the real needs in the planning of rational health resources allocation of maternal and child health institutions.

关 键 词：妇幼保健 卫生资源配置 公平性 基尼系数 集聚度 

分 类 号：R172[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]