疾病负担评价指标的解读和使用方法  

Interpretation and utilization of disease burden assessment indicators

作　　者：胡晓晔 梁珊珊 张笑琳 王永盛 崔璐 黄家艺 梁翠 王汉彬 年涛 杨克虎[1,2,3] 李秀霞 HU Xiaoye;LIANG Shanshan;ZHANG Xiaolin;WANG Yongsheng;CUI Lu;HUANG Jiayi;LIANG Cui;WANG Hanbin;NIAN Tao;YANG Kehu;LI Xiuxia(Health Technology Assessment Center/Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center,School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,P.R.China;Evidence Based Medicine Center,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730000,P.R.China;Imperial College London,London SW72AZ,UK)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学卫生技术评估中心/兰州大学循证社会科学研究中心,兰州大学公共卫生学院,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学循证医学中心,兰州大学基础医学院,兰州730000 [3]甘肃省循证医学与临床转化重点实验室,兰州730000 [4]英国帝国理工学院,英国伦敦SW72AZ

出　　处：《中国循证医学杂志》2025年第1期118-124,共7页Chinese Journal of Evidence-based Medicine

摘　　要：目的总结归纳疾病负担流行病学评价指标,深入探究并提炼当前疾病负担评价指标的计算方法、适用条件范畴及其各自的优势与局限性。方法计算机检索CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP、CBM、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library数据库,获取疾病负担评价指标相关定性研究,检索时限均从建库至2023年12月。通过NVivo 12软件运用主题分析法归纳疾病负担评价指标。结果共纳入文献综述研究19篇。主题综合分析疾病负担评价指标归纳为2个三级核心主题:正向指标和负向指标;5个二级分析性主题:疾病指标、减寿分析指标、期望寿命指标、去因分析指标和健康状态指标;29个一级描述性主题。结论疾病负担评价指标各有适用范围和局限性。需继续加强综合性疾病负担评价指标体系的构建,使其既具有可比性和可靠性,又能适应本土的计算权重,同时覆盖家庭负担和社会负担。Objective To summarize and categorize the epidemiological evaluation indicators of disease burden,and to explore and analyze the research gaps in the existing evaluation indicators of disease burden.Methods The CNKI,WanFang Data,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were searched by computer to obtain qualitative studies on evaluation indicators of disease burden.The search time limit was from the establishment of the database to October 2023.CASP was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies,and thematic analysis was used to summarize the evaluation indicators of disease burden by NVivo 12 software.Results A total of 19 studies were included,of which 10 studies were of high quality and 9 studies were of medium quality.The evaluation indicators of disease burden were summarized into two three-level core themes:positive indicators and negative indicators.Five second-level analytic themes were used:disease indicators,life loss indicators,life expectancy indicators,cause removal indicators and health status indicators.Twenty-nine level-1 descriptive themes.Conclusion The evaluation indicators of disease burden have their respective scopes of application and limitations.It is necessary to continue strengthening the construction of a comprehensive evaluation index system for disease burden,so that it is comparable and reliable,can adapt to local calculation weights,and covers both family burden and social burden.

关 键 词：疾病负担 伤残调整寿命年 流行病学 公共卫生 健康生命 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]