基于纤维混杂的防弹防刺材料结构设计与优化  

Design and Optimization of Bulletproof and Stab-resistant Structure Based on Mixed Fabrics

作　　者：马潮禾 刘鹏[1,2] 陈婧 周宏元[3] 黄广炎 张宏 MA Chaohe;LIU Peng;CHEN Jing;ZHOU Hongyuan;HUANG Guangyan;ZHANG Hong(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Modern Weapon Technology Laboratory,Chongqing Innovation Center of Beijing Institute of Technology,Chongqing 401120,China;Faculty of Architecture,Civil and Transportation Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室,北京100081 [2]北京理工大学重庆创新中心现代兵器技术实验室,重庆401120 [3]北京工业大学城市建设学部,北京100124

出　　处：《兵工学报》2025年第1期48-57,共10页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(12372354);重庆市科学技术局项目(CSTC2021jcyj-msxmX0666)。

摘　　要：反恐处突人员在处理城市暴力恐袭事件时需要同时应对刀刺及枪击的威胁,单一防护功能的防护服难以保障生命安全。根据防弹和防刺机理,将防弹和防刺材料进行组合设计可达到多功能的防护效果。目前基于组合材料的双防服研制方法主要为实验试错,设计效率低下,成本较高。针对这一问题,提出一种基于能量吸收准则的纤维混杂防弹防刺结构理论设计与优化方法,开展单一防护材料即浸胶芳纶布和超高分子量聚乙烯(Ultra high molecular weight Polyethylene,PE)无纬布的弹道实验和动态穿刺实验,计算单一材料的弹道动能吸收和穿刺动能吸收。基于能量守恒定律,设计给定8500 g/m^(2)面密度下的防弹防刺组合结构,得到防弹与防刺材料的层数范围。经过弹道及动态穿刺实验验证,理论计算安全余量充足,11层浸胶芳纶布加18层PE无纬布组合满足公安部《GA68—2019警用防刺服》及警用三级防弹要求且最为轻便,面密度8390 g/m^(2)。对防弹防刺结构进行优化设计,得到面密度为8370 g/m^(2)的最轻量组合结构(9层浸胶芳纶布加21层PE无纬布),研究成果可为双防服的工程设计与创新应用提供参考。Counter-terrorism personnel need to address both stabbing and shooting threats when dealing with urban violent terrorist attack.Single-function protective gear is insufficient to ensure life safety.A multifunctional protective effect can be achieved by combining the bulletproof and stab-resistant materials based on their protective mechanisms.Currently,the development of dual-protection suits based on composite materials primarily relies on trial and error in experiments,resulting in low design efficiency and high costs.To address this issue,a theoretical design and optimization method is proposed for fibermixed bulletproof and stab-proof structures based on energy absorption criteria.Ballistic experiment and dynamic puncture test are conducted using single protective materials,namely resin-coated aramid fabric and unidirectional ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(PE)fabric.The ballistic and puncture kinetic energy absorptions of single material are calculated.Based on the law of energy conservation,a combined bulletproof and stab-proof structure with a given areal density of 8500 g/m^(2) is designed,and the range of layers for bulletproof and stab-proof materials is determined,After validation through ballistic and dynamic puncture experiments,the theoretical calculations demonstrate sufficient safety margins,The combination of 11 layers of resin-coated aramid fabric and 18 layers of unidirectional PE fabric meets the requirements of GA68-2019 Police Stab-resistant Clothing and police level III bulletproof standards while being the lightest with an areal density of 8390 g/m^(2).The bulletproof and stab-proof structure is optimized to achieve the lightest combination structure with an areal density of 8370 g/m^(2),consisting of 9 layers of resin-coated aramid fabric and 21 layers of unidirectional PE fabric.These research findings can provide reference for the engineering design and innovative application of dual-protection suits.

关 键 词：防弹服 防刺服 浸胶芳纶布 超高分子量聚乙烯 结构设计 

分 类 号：TJ4[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程] TS106.4[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]