车载液氢瓶六点支撑与八点支撑方案热力耦合特性对比研究  

Comparative Study of Six-point and Eight-point Support Scheme of Liquid Hydrogen Tank for Vehicles

作　　者：朱宇豪 谢福寿 王双进 厉彦忠[2] ZHU Yuhao;XIE Fushou;WANG Shuangjin;LI Yanzhong(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Technology and Application,CSSC Pride(Nanjing)Cryogenic Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211100,China;Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省超低温技术及应用重点实验室中船鹏力(南京)超低温技术有限公司,南京211100 [2]西安交通大学制冷与低温工程研究所,西安710049

出　　处：《真空与低温》2025年第1期62-73,共12页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52276018);中国博士后科学基金(2021T140538、2020M673391)。

摘　　要：氢能作为一种绿色清洁能源,在新能源汽车领域受到了广泛关注。尤其是低温液氢存储,因具有储氢密度高等优势而成为了一种理想的车载储氢方式。车载液氢瓶是液氢燃料车的关键部件之一,其支撑结构将直接影响到整个液氢瓶的绝热性能和力学性能。采用有限元分析方法,从强度校核、模态分析和随机振动疲劳分析三个方面,对基于六点支撑方案和八点支撑方案的液氢瓶结构进行了对比分析,研究结果表明,玻璃钢柱皆采用10 mm径向厚度时,八点支撑方案能够达到强度校核标准,但六点支撑方案却不能满足强度要求;为了满足强度校核条件,六点支撑方案中需增加玻璃钢柱的径向厚度,但这也导致了更大的支撑漏热;设计参数下,六点支撑方案和八点支撑方案中的支撑漏热分别为23.65 W和22.49 W,疲劳寿命分别为1.01×10^(7)次和9.19×10^(7)次;相较于八点支撑方案,六点支撑方案中液氢瓶虽然减少了支撑端的数量,但绝热性能并没有得到有效提升,且使用寿命反而大幅降低。Hydrogen energy,as a green and clean energy,has received widespread attention in the field of new energy vehicles.In particular,cryogenic liquid hydrogen has the advantage of high hydrogen storage density,making it an ideal hydrogen storage method for vehicles.The liquid hydrogen tank is one of the key components of a liquid hydrogen vehicle and its support structure can directly affect its adiabatic and mechanical properties.In this paper,the liquid hydrogen tanks based on the six-point support scheme and the eight-point support scheme are compared regarding intensity check,modal analysis,and random vibration fatigue analysis through the finite element analysis method.The results show that when the radial thickness of the glass fibre reinforced plastic column is 10 mm,the eight-point support scheme can meet the intensity standards,but the six-point support scheme cannot meet the intensity requirements.To meet the intensity control conditions,the liquid hydrogen tank in the six-point support scheme requires an increase in the radial thickness of the glass fibre reinforced plastic columns,but it also results in a larger support heat leakage.Under the current design,the support heat loss of the liquid hydrogen tank in the six-point support scheme and the eight-point support scheme are 23.65 W and 22.49 W,respectively,and the fatigue life is 1.01×10^(7) times and 9.19×10^(7) times,respectively.Compared with the eight-point support scheme,although the number of support ends is reduced in the six-point support scheme,the adiabatic performance is not effectively improved,and the service life of the liquid hydrogen tank is significantly reduced.The current research results provide a scientific and reliable theoretical basis for the engineering design of the support structure of on-board liquid hydrogen tanks,and at the same time play an important role in improving the safety and stability of the structure in practical engineering applications.These research advances are expected to further promote the innovation and d

关 键 词：六点支撑 八点支撑 车载液氢瓶 强度校核 疲劳寿命 

分 类 号：TB657[一般工业技术—制冷工程]